Global distribution of deep convection reaching tropopause in 1 year GPM observations

Nana Liu

doi:10.1002/2015jd024430

journal article Apr 22, 2016

Global distribution of deep convection reaching tropopause in 1 year GPM observations

Nana Liu

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 121 No. 8 pp. 3824-3842 · American Geophysical Union (AGU)

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/2015jd024430

Abstract

AbstractTo characterize and quantify tropopause‐reaching deep convection, 1 year of Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Ku band radar echoes are surveyed in relation to several reference levels derived from the ERA‐Interim reanalysis data set. Consistent with the observations of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission over the tropics, the GPM has detected tropopause‐reaching deep convection dominantly over tropical land, especially over Panama and Central Africa. At middle and high latitudes, tropopause‐reaching convective storms are mainly found over land in the Northern Hemisphere during the summer. Compared to those in the tropics, convective cores at middle and high latitudes have relatively larger sizes at the tropopause, especially those over central North America. The zonal distributions of the occurrences of 15 dBZ and 20 dBZ radar echoes at the tropopause show two comparable maxima, one in the tropics and the other in northern middle‐high latitudes. This implies that the convection penetrating the tropopause at northern middle‐high latitudes is as frequent as those over the tropics. It is important to understand their role in the vertical transport of trace gases between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References

63

[1]

10.1029/2002jd002457

[2]

10.1126/science.1222978

[3]

10.1029/96jd00821

[4]

10.1175/1520-0493

[5]

Overshooting cloud top detections using MSG SEVIRI Infrared brightness temperatures and their relationship to severe weather over Europe

Kristopher M. Bedka

Atmospheric Research 10.1016/j.atmosres.2010.10.001

[6]

10.1175/1520-0469

[7]

10.1002/qj.49707532603

[8]

10.1002/qj.49712353806

[9]

10.1029/2004gl021889

[10]

10.1029/gl009i006p00605

[11]

The ERA‐Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system

D. P. Dee, S. M. Uppala, A. J. Simmons et al.

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Soci... 10.1002/qj.828

[12]

10.1029/2009jd012075

[13]

10.5194/acp-3-739-2003

[14]

10.1029/1999gl010487

[15]

10.1029/2002gl016820

[16]

10.1029/2003jd004069

[17]

Tropical tropopause layer

S. Fueglistaler, A. E. Dessler, T. J. Dunkerton et al.

Reviews of Geophysics 10.1029/2008rg000267

[18]

10.1029/2001jd001048

[19]

10.1175/jtech-d-15-0097.1

[20]

10.1175/2011jcli4052.1

[21]

10.1029/93jd00525

[22]

10.1029/2001gl013148

[23]

Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange

James R. Holton, Peter H. Haynes, Michael E. McIntyre et al.

Reviews of Geophysics 10.1029/95rg02097

[24]

10.1002/2014jd021485

[25]

On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps

B. J. Hoskins, M. E. McIntyre, A. W. Robertson

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Soci... 10.1002/qj.49711147002

[26]

10.1175/bams-d-13-00164.1

[27]

10.1029/96gl00722

[28]

10.1029/2003gl019253

[29]

10.1038/46521

[30]

10.1175/1520-0450(2001)040<1965:tsottr>2.0.co;2

[31]

Dynamical tropopause based on isentropic potential vorticity gradients

A. Kunz, P. Konopka, R. Müller et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 10.1029/2010jd014343

[32]

10.1029/2005jd006063

[33]

10.1002/2015gl063776

[34]

10.1029/2008jd009783

[35]

10.1029/2003jd004055

[36]

10.1029/2007jd009755

[37]

10.1175/1520-0469(2000)057<1214:pvioah>2.0.co;2

[38]

10.1029/2004jd005059

[39]

Separation of the lapse rate and the cold point tropopauses in the tropics and the resulting impact on cloud top-tropopause relationships

Leigh A. Munchak, Laura L. Pan

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 10.1002/2013jd021189

[40]

10.1175/1520-0442-16.10.1456

[41]

10.1038/374146a0

[42]

10.1029/2004jd004982

[43]

10.1175/1520-0493(2000)128<0140:saoacs>2.0.co;2

[44]

10.1175/1520-0469(1999)056<0868:tbdcdo>2.0.co;2

[45]

10.1029/95jd03523

[46]

10.1038/ngeo1733

[47]

10.1029/2005jd006744

[48]

10.1029/2004jd004655

[49]

10.1002/qj.49711850708

[50]

10.1029/2000gl012502

Showing 50 of 63 references

Metrics

88

Citations

63

References

Details

Published: Apr 22, 2016
Vol/Issue: 121(8)
Pages: 3824-3842
License: View

Authors

N

Nana Liu

Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences Texas A&M University at Corpus Christi Corpus Christi Texas USA

Funding

NASA Precipitation Measurement Mission Award: NNX11AG31G

Cite This Article

Nana Liu (2016). Global distribution of deep convection reaching tropopause in 1 year GPM observations. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 121(8), 3824-3842. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd024430

Global distribution of deep convection reaching tropopause in 1 year GPM observations

You May Also Like