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journal article Open Access Oct 08, 2016

The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of Madden‐Julian Oscillation convection across the Maritime Continent

Samson M. Hagos ORCID Chidong Zhang ORCID Zhe Feng ORCID Casey D. Burleyson Charlotte De Mott Brandon Kerns James J. Benedict Matus N. Martini
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Vol. 8 No. 4 pp. 1552-1564 · American Geophysical Union (AGU)
View at Publisher Save 10.1002/2016ms000725
Abstract
AbstractInfluences of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO) convection across the Maritime Continent (MC) are examined using cloud‐permitting regional model simulations and observations. A pair of ensembles of control (CONTROL) and no‐diurnal cycle (NODC) simulations of the November 2011 MJO episode are performed. In the CONTROL simulations, the MJO signal is weakened as it propagates across the MC, with much of the convection stalling over the large islands of Sumatra and Borneo. In the NODC simulations, where the incoming shortwave radiation at the top of the atmosphere is maintained at its daily mean value, the MJO convection signal propagating across the MC is enhanced. Examination of the surface energy fluxes in the simulations indicates that the surface downwelling shortwave radiation is larger in the presence of the diurnal cycle (CONTROL simulations) primarily because clouds preferentially form in the afternoon and are smaller during day time in comparison to nighttime. Furthermore, the diurnal covariability of surface wind speed and skin temperature results in a larger sensible heat flux and a cooler land surface in the CONTROL runs compared to NODC runs. An analysis of observations indicates that ahead of and behind the MJO active phase, the diurnal cycle of cloudiness enhances downwelling shortwave radiation and hence convection over the MC islands. This enhanced stationary convection competes with and disrupts the convective signal of MJO events that propagate over the waters surrounding the islands.
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References
Details
Published
Oct 08, 2016
Vol/Issue
8(4)
Pages
1552-1564
License
View
Authors
S
Samson M. Hagos

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA

C
Chidong Zhang

University of Miami Miami Florida USA

Z
Zhe Feng

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA

C
Casey D. Burleyson

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington USA

C
Charlotte De Mott

Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado USA

B
Brandon Kerns

University of Miami Miami Florida USA

J
James J. Benedict

University of Miami Miami Florida USA

M
Matus N. Martini

Naval Research Laboratory Monterey California USA

Funding
The National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center
the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research as part of the Atmospheric Systems Research Program and Regional and Global Climate Modeling Programs
NOAA CPO Award: NA13OAR4310161
the U.S. Department of Energy Award: DE-AC05-76RLO1830
Cite This Article
Samson M. Hagos, Chidong Zhang, Zhe Feng, et al. (2016). The impact of the diurnal cycle on the propagation of Madden‐Julian Oscillation convection across the Maritime Continent. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 8(4), 1552-1564. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016ms000725
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