journal article Open Access Mar 16, 2024

In Vitro Transcribed mRNA Immunogenicity Induces Chemokine‐Mediated Lymphocyte Recruitment and Can Be Gradually Tailored by Uridine Modification

Advanced Science Vol. 11 No. 21 · Wiley
View at Publisher Save 10.1002/advs.202308447
Abstract
AbstractBeyond SARS‐CoV2 vaccines, mRNA drugs are being explored to overcome today's greatest healthcare burdens, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Synthetic mRNA triggers immune responses in transfected cells, which can be reduced by chemically modified nucleotides. However, the side effects of mRNA‐triggered immune activation on cell function and how different nucleotides, such as the N1‐methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ) used in SARS‐CoV2 vaccines, can modulate cellular responses is not fully understood. Here, cellular responses toward a library of uridine‐modified mRNAs are investigated in primary human cells. Targeted proteomics analyses reveal that unmodified mRNA induces a pro‐inflammatory paracrine pattern marked by the secretion of chemokines, which recruit T and B lymphocytes toward transfected cells. Importantly, the magnitude of mRNA‐induced changes in cell function varies quantitatively between unmodified, Ψ‐, m1Ψ‐, and 5moU‐modified mRNA and can be gradually tailored, with implications for deliberately exploiting this effect in mRNA drug design. Indeed, both the immunosuppressive effect of stromal cells on T‐cell proliferation, and the anti‐inflammatory effect of IL‐10 mRNA are enhanced by appropriate uridine modification. The results provide new insights into the effects of mRNA drugs on cell function and cell‐cell communication and open new possibilities to tailor mRNA‐triggered immune activation to the desired pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory application.
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Published
Mar 16, 2024
Vol/Issue
11(21)
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Funding
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Award: CollaborativeResearchCenter1444(CRC1444)
Horizon 2020 Framework Programme Award: 733006
Einstein Stiftung Berlin Award: Advanced_Scientist_Kickbox
European Health and Digital Executive Agency Award: 101095635—PROTO
Cite This Article
Norman Michael Drzeniek, Nourhan Kahwaji, Samira Picht, et al. (2024). In Vitro Transcribed mRNA Immunogenicity Induces Chemokine‐Mediated Lymphocyte Recruitment and Can Be Gradually Tailored by Uridine Modification. Advanced Science, 11(21). https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202308447