Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) extract additives in carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering applications

Gizem Baysan; Pinar Akokay Yilmaz; Resit Bugra Husemoglu; Aylin Ziylan Albayrak; Ali Riza Sisman; Hasan Havitcioglu

doi:10.1002/app.55637

journal article Open Access May 06, 2024

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) extract additives in carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering applications

Gizem Baysan

Pinar Akokay Yilmaz Resit Bugra Husemoglu Aylin Ziylan Albayrak Ali Riza Sisman Hasan Havitcioglu

Journal of Applied Polymer Science Vol. 141 No. 28 · Wiley

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Abstract

AbstractAdvancements in new treatment methods are becoming increasingly necessary due to a longer life expectancy, particularly in the field of osteochondral tissue engineering. In the present study, osteochondral tissue scaffolds with/without the addition of hawthorn or elderberry extracts were fabricated. Poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) cross‐linked carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel scaffold matrix was used as a control group. The addition of the plant extracts resulted in open porous structures with pore sizes around 100–450 μm and elastic modulus between 0.5 and 0.7 MPa, biomimicking the osteochondral tissue. Scaffolds containing either plant extract showed a high swelling tendency (1500–1750%) and a delayed release of the extracts after a week. Furthermore, the weight loss of the scaffolds after an enzymatic degradation for 56 days was ~30%. In addition, in vitro biocompatibility analyses were performed using bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells confirming non‐cytotoxicity for all the scaffold types. Biochemical assessment of alkaline phosphatase activity and glycosaminoglycan content yielded results consistent with osteochondral scaffold requirements. Finally, immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the plant extract addition, especially elderberry, increased collagen type I and type II formation. As a result, the addition of both hawthorn and elderberry extracts is a promising approach to osteochondral tissue regeneration.

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Details

Published: May 06, 2024
Vol/Issue: 141(28)
License: View

Authors

G

Gizem Baysan

Institute of Health Science, Department of Biomechanics Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey

P

Pinar Akokay Yilmaz

Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques Izmir Kavram Vocational School Izmir Turkey

R

Resit Bugra Husemoglu

Institute of Health Science, Department of Biomechanics Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey

A

Aylin Ziylan Albayrak

Institute of Health Science, Department of Biomechanics Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey; Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey

A

Ali Riza Sisman

Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biochemistry Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey

H

Hasan Havitcioglu

Institute of Health Science, Department of Biomechanics Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology Dokuz Eylül University Izmir Turkey

Cite This Article

Gizem Baysan, Pinar Akokay Yilmaz, Resit Bugra Husemoglu, et al. (2024). Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) extract additives in carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering applications. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 141(28). https://doi.org/10.1002/app.55637

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) extract additives in carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering applications

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