Osteosarcoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program‐based analysis from 1975 to 2017

Sarah Cole; D. Matthew Gianferante; Bin Zhu; Lisa Mirabello

doi:10.1002/cncr.34163

journal article Feb 28, 2022

Osteosarcoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program‐based analysis from 1975 to 2017

Sarah Cole D. Matthew Gianferante

Bin Zhu

Lisa Mirabello

Cancer Vol. 128 No. 11 pp. 2107-2118 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/cncr.34163

Abstract

BackgroundOsteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy. As a rare cancer, population‐based studies remain small with limited information on finer demographic categories. Recent studies have reported important genetic differences based on age and ethnicity, and more detailed studies are needed to better understand potentially important osteosarcoma risk groups.MethodsIncidence and survival rates for 5016 patients with osteosarcoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program (1975‐2017) were analyzed by age (0‐9, 10‐24, 25‐59, and >60 years old), race/ethnicity, histologic subtype, stage, and tumor location using SEER*Stat software.ResultsFor cases 0 to 9 years old, incidence of primary osteosarcoma was similar between the sexes, increased significantly throughout the study period (P < .05), and the 5‐year relative survival has steadily increased over time. Blacks had the highest incidence in all aged cases combined and a significant increase in incidence throughout the study period (P < .05). Overall, survival rates for all cases have remained relatively unchanged over recent decades, with worse survival observed in males, American Indian/Alaska Native cases, older patients, metastatic disease, axial tumors, and subsequent osteosarcoma cases. For cases 0 to 24 years old, the incidence of subsequent osteosarcoma increased 3‐fold since the 2000s.ConclusionImportant differences in osteosarcoma incidence and survival, particularly for the youngest children, ethnic minorities, and subsequent osteosarcoma, are identified. A genetic risk factor may be associated with observed ancestry‐specific incidence differences and illustrates the importance of analyzing osteosarcoma by specific age groups and ethnicities to better understand their unique epidemiology and underlying biology.Lay Summary

Osteosarcoma is the most common bone cancer, but still a relatively rare disease, and previous studies have had limited information on finer demographics.

Using a large database, osteosarcoma incidence and survival patterns are thoroughly evaluated and important differences, especially for the youngest children, ethnic minorities, and subsequent osteosarcoma cases, are identified.

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Details

Published: Feb 28, 2022
Vol/Issue: 128(11)
Pages: 2107-2118
License: View

Authors

S

Sarah Cole

Clinical Genetics Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland; Walter Reed National Military Medical Center Bethesda Maryland

D

D. Matthew Gianferante

Clinical Genetics Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland

B

Bin Zhu

Biostatistics Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland

L

Lisa Mirabello

Clinical Genetics Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville Maryland

Cite This Article

Sarah Cole, D. Matthew Gianferante, Bin Zhu, et al. (2022). Osteosarcoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program‐based analysis from 1975 to 2017. Cancer, 128(11), 2107-2118. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.34163

Osteosarcoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program‐based analysis from 1975 to 2017

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