Do Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions Lead to Schema Change in People With Psychosis? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Nadia Akers; Katherine Berry; Christopher D. J. Taylor

doi:10.1002/cpp.70049

journal article Open Access Mar 01, 2025

Do Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions Lead to Schema Change in People With Psychosis? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Nadia Akers Katherine Berry

Christopher D. J. Taylor

Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy Vol. 32 No. 2 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/cpp.70049

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundNegative schemas have been highlighted as important factors in the development and maintenance of psychosis. However, evidence for schema therapy in people with experiences of psychosis and for schema‐specific interventions is lacking for these disabling core beliefs. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) interventions remain a first‐line recommended psychological treatment for psychosis, alongside psychotropic medication. The current review aimed for the first time to investigate if CBT interventions led to schema change in this population.MethodA systematic search of five databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science) identified 19 eligible studies, of which 10 were eligible for inclusion in the meta‐analyses.ResultsA narrative synthesis highlighted the variety in CBT intervention length and focus. A small proportion of studies highlighted schema theory within their therapy rationale and within their subsequent CBT intervention. Meta‐analytic findings demonstrated that participants receiving a CBT intervention experienced a significant reduction in their negative‐self schemas at the end of therapy, compared with control participants.ConclusionThe findings provide evidence that CBT for psychosis can reduce negative schemas in people with psychosis. The review also offers a rationale for considering schema more explicitly within CBT for psychosis intervention studies and clinical practice.

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Details

Published: Mar 01, 2025
Vol/Issue: 32(2)
License: View

Authors

N

Nadia Akers

Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK

K

Katherine Berry

Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK; Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust Manchester UK

C

Christopher D. J. Taylor

School of Psychology, Faculty of Science The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK; Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust Ashton‐under‐Lyne UK

Cite This Article

Nadia Akers, Katherine Berry, Christopher D. J. Taylor (2025). Do Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions Lead to Schema Change in People With Psychosis? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 32(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.70049

Do Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Interventions Lead to Schema Change in People With Psychosis? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

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