The limits of convergence in the collective behavior of competing marine taxa

Benjamin P. Burford; R. Russell Williams; Nicholas J. Demetras; Nicholas Carey; Jeremy Goldbogen; William F. Gilly; Jeffrey Harding; Mark W. Denny

doi:10.1002/ece3.8747

journal article Open Access Mar 01, 2022

The limits of convergence in the collective behavior of competing marine taxa

Benjamin P. Burford

R. Russell Williams Nicholas J. Demetras Nicholas Carey

Jeremy Goldbogen William F. Gilly Jeffrey Harding Mark W. Denny

Ecology and Evolution Vol. 12 No. 3 · Wiley

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Abstract

AbstractCollective behaviors in biological systems such as coordinated movements have important ecological and evolutionary consequences. While many studies examine within‐species variation in collective behavior, explicit comparisons between functionally similar species from different taxonomic groups are rare. Therefore, a fundamental question remains: how do collective behaviors compare between taxa with morphological and physiological convergence, and how might this relate to functional ecology and niche partitioning? We examined the collective motion of two ecologically similar species from unrelated clades that have competed for pelagic predatory niches for over 500 million years—California market squid, Doryteuthis opalescens (Mollusca) and Pacific sardine, Sardinops sagax (Chordata). We (1) found similarities in how groups of individuals from each species collectively aligned, measured by angular deviation, the difference between individual orientation and average group heading. We also (2) show that conspecific attraction, which we approximated using nearest neighbor distance, was greater in sardine than squid. Finally, we (3) found that individuals of each species explicitly matched the orientation of groupmates, but that these matching responses were less rapid in squid than sardine. Based on these results, we hypothesize that information sharing is a comparably important function of social grouping for both taxa. On the other hand, some capabilities, including hydrodynamically conferred energy savings and defense against predators, could stem from taxon‐specific biology.

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Details

Published: Mar 01, 2022
Vol/Issue: 12(3)
License: View

Authors

B

Benjamin P. Burford

Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA; Institute of Marine Sciences, affiliated with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA

R

R. Russell Williams

Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA

N

Nicholas J. Demetras

Institute of Marine Sciences, affiliated with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA

N

Nicholas Carey

Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA; Marine Scotland Science Aberdeen UK

J

Jeremy Goldbogen

Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA

W

William F. Gilly

Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA

J

Jeffrey Harding

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Science Center Santa Cruz California USA

M

Mark W. Denny

Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University Pacific Grove California USA

Funding

National Science Foundation Award: FSML 1722513

School of Humanities and Sciences, Stanford University

Cite This Article

Benjamin P. Burford, R. Russell Williams, Nicholas J. Demetras, et al. (2022). The limits of convergence in the collective behavior of competing marine taxa. Ecology and Evolution, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8747

The limits of convergence in the collective behavior of competing marine taxa

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