Transport and retention of biochar particles in porous media: effect of pH, ionic strength, and particle size

Wei Zhang; Jianzhi Niu; Verónica L. Morales; Xincai Chen; Anthony G. Hay; Johannes Lehmann; Tammo S. Steenhuis

doi:10.1002/eco.160

journal article Sep 11, 2010

Transport and retention of biochar particles in porous media: effect of pH, ionic strength, and particle size

Wei Zhang

Jianzhi Niu Verónica L. Morales Xincai Chen Anthony G. Hay Johannes Lehmann

Tammo S. Steenhuis

Ecohydrology Vol. 3 No. 4 pp. 497-508 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/eco.160

Abstract

AbstractBiochar land application can potentially be used for carbon sequestration, improving soil quality, and reducing non‐point source pollution. Understanding biochar mobility is important because its transport in soil greatly influences its stability, the dynamics of soil microbial communities and organic matter, and the movement of biochar‐associated contaminants. Here, the transport of biochar particles was studied in saturated and unsaturated sand columns by measuring breakthroughs of biochar pulse under three pH and two ionic strength (IS) levels. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) were fitted to a convection–dispersion model with kinetic and equilibrium deposition sites to estimate the key transport parameters (e.g. biochar deposition rate coefficients). Biochar retention was enhanced by lowering pH and increasing IS, corroborating the trends of fitted deposition rate coefficients. Under both saturated and unsaturated conditions, effluent mass recoveries decreased, respectively, by a factor of 6·6 or 15 when pH decreased from 10 to 4 at 10 mM IS, and by a factor of 1·4 or 3·9 when IS increased from 10 to 100 mM at pH 7. Biochar retention was greater in unsaturated media, implying that saturated flow elutes more biochar particles. The particles larger than 5·4% of median grain diameter were filtered out of suspension during passage through the media; whereas, the retention of smaller particles was clearly dependent on solution chemistry. Similar to other types of colloids, this study highlights the importance of pH, IS, particle size, and soil water saturation in controlling biochar movement by soil matrix flow. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Details

Published: Sep 11, 2010
Vol/Issue: 3(4)
Pages: 497-508
License: View

Authors

W

Wei Zhang

Hebei Agricultural University

Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, 206 Riley Robb Hall, NY 14853-5701, USA Ethiopia; Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Cite This Article

Wei Zhang, Jianzhi Niu, Verónica L. Morales, et al. (2010). Transport and retention of biochar particles in porous media: effect of pH, ionic strength, and particle size. Ecohydrology, 3(4), 497-508. https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.160

Transport and retention of biochar particles in porous media: effect of pH, ionic strength, and particle size

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