ANN
                    and
                    RSM
                    ‐Based Comparison on a Natural Convective Octagonal Cavity Containing Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Including External Magnetic Field

Rupa Kundu; Saiful Islam; Ritu Aktary; Sweety Khatun; Md. Sirajul Islam

doi:10.1002/eng2.70348

journal article Open Access Sep 01, 2025

ANN and RSM ‐Based Comparison on a Natural Convective Octagonal Cavity Containing Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Including External Magnetic Field

Rupa Kundu

Saiful Islam

Ritu Aktary Sweety Khatun Md. Sirajul Islam

Engineering Reports Vol. 7 No. 9 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/eng2.70348

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The primary aim of this work is to explore how an external magnetic field affects the natural convective fluid and thermal transmission in an octagonal cavity filled with a Cu‐CuO‐Al
2
O
3
‐H
2
O ternary hybrid nanofluid because of the numerous practical uses of natural convection. The cavity's center is occupied by a circular uniform heat source (T
h
), and the vertical walls act as a heat sink (T
c
). Thermal insulation is installed in the remaining walls. The finite element method (FEM) is used to numerically simulate the governing equations. Artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized for data prediction, and another statistical technique called response surface methodology (RSM) is also applied. The results are expressed in terms of average Nusselt number (Nu
av
), isotherms, streamlines, and velocity profiles for different values of Rayleigh number (
Ra
), Hartmann number (
Ha
), and nanoparticle volume fraction (
ϕ
). RSM is also used to make a proper correlation between
Ra
,
Ha
, and
ϕ
with the response Nu
av
. The findings of examining the rate of sensitivity show that although
Ha
shows the opposite tendency,
Ra
increases thermal performance. Moreover, adding solid particles of Cu, CuO, and Al
2
O
3
to H
2
O rather than the base fluid increases the rate of heat transfer by up to 10.73%. A strong basis for thermal system optimization using a ternary hybrid nanofluid is provided by the combination of numerical, statistical, and ANN methods for the investigation and guess of heat passage methods.

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Published: Sep 01, 2025
Vol/Issue: 7(9)
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Authors

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Rupa Kundu