Hydroxyatrazine in soils and sediments

Robert N Lerch,; E Michael Thurman,; Paul E Blanchard

doi:10.1002/etc.5620181007

journal article Oct 01, 1999

Hydroxyatrazine in soils and sediments

Robert N Lerch, E Michael Thurman, Paul E Blanchard

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry Vol. 18 No. 10 pp. 2161-2168 · Oxford University Press (OUP)

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/etc.5620181007

Abstract

Abstract
Hydroxyatrazine (HA) is the major metabolite of atrazine in most surface soils. Knowledge of HA sorption to soils, and its pattern of stream water contamination suggest that it is persistent in the environment. Soils with different atrazine use histories were collected from four sites, and sediments were collected from an agricultural watershed. Samples were exhaustively extracted with a mixed—mode extractant, and HA was quantitated using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. Atrazine, deethylatrazine (DEA), and deisopropylatrazine (DIA) were also measured in all samples. Concentrations of HA were considerably greater than concentrations of atrazine, DEA, and DIA in all soils and sediments studied. Soil concentrations of HA ranged from 14 to 640 μg/kg with a median concentration of 84 μg/kg. Sediment concentrations of HA ranged from 11 to 96 μg/kg, with a median concentration of 14 μg/kg. Correlations of HA and atrazine concentrations to soil properties indicated that HA levels in soils were controlled by sorption of atrazine. Because atrazine hydrolysis is known to be enhanced by sorption and pH extremes, soils with high organic matter (OM) and clay content and low pH will result in greater atrazine sorption and subsequent hydrolysis. Significant correlation of HA concentrations to OM, pH, and cation exchange capacity of sediments indicated that mixed—mode sorption (i.e., binding by cation exchange and hydrophobic interactions) was the mechanism controlling HA levels in sediment. The presence of HA in soils and stream sediments at the levels observed support existing hypotheses regarding its transport in surface runoff. These results also indicated that persistence of HA in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is an additional risk factor associated with atrazine usage.

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References

Details

Published: Oct 01, 1999
Vol/Issue: 18(10)
Pages: 2161-2168
License: View

Authors

R

Robert N Lerch,

U.S. Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Cropping Systems and Water Quality Research Unit, Columbia, Missouri 65211

E

E Michael Thurman,

U.S. Geological Survey, Organic Geochemistry Research Group, Lawrence, Kansas 66049

P

Paul E Blanchard

Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211

Cite This Article

Robert N Lerch,, E Michael Thurman,, Paul E Blanchard (1999). Hydroxyatrazine in soils and sediments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18(10), 2161-2168. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620181007

Hydroxyatrazine in soils and sediments

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