The relations between real‐time use of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression symptoms

Yasmeen T. Alawadhi; Michele R. Smith; Kevin M. King

doi:10.1002/jclp.23458

journal article Dec 09, 2022

The relations between real‐time use of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression symptoms

Yasmeen T. Alawadhi Michele R. Smith Kevin M. King

Journal of Clinical Psychology Vol. 79 No. 4 pp. 1082-1098 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/jclp.23458

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveHow individuals differentially implement specific emotion regulation (ER) strategies is a critical indicator of the progression of depressive and anxiety disorders. Symptoms of anxiety and depression may be associated with differences in ER, but little evidence to date had examined whether anxiety and depression were associated with individual differences in the real‐time use of ER strategies.MethodsThis study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in two samples (n = 276) of undergraduate students from a single university who were assessed for 8–10 days. Baseline surveys captured participant self‐reported anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms using the PROMIS‐Anxiety scale and the PROMIS‐Depression scale, respectively. We measured ER through EMA‐adapted prompts from the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), which participants received on their internet‐enabled cell phones. In pre‐registered analyses, we tested the associations between anxiety symptoms with the use of discrete ER strategies in EMA using generalized estimating equations with a log‐link function to account for nesting of EMA observations within participants, and further tested whether the findings generalized to depression (not pre‐registered).ResultsSymptoms of anxiety and depression were associated with greater odds of using both maladaptive and adaptive ER strategy use during the EMA period, and with lower odds of reporting no strategy use. Moreover, associations were generally stronger for maladaptive than adaptive ER strategies.ConclusionAnxiety and depressive symptoms are related to increased regulatory efforts overall, and results suggest that individuals with anxiety and depressive symptoms may be especially prone to use maladaptive ER strategies. Tracking ER strategies in a natural environment can further inform our understanding of how anxious and depressed individuals attempt to regulate emotions.

Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References

80

[1]

Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review

Amelia Aldao, Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, Susanne Schweizer

Clinical Psychology Review 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004

[2]

10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.02.004

[3]

10.1023/a:1026450103225

[4]

10.1037/abn0000362

[5]

10.1177/10944281042636782

[6]

10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.12.013

[7]

10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.09.005

[8]

10.1007/s10608-015-9739-8

[9]

10.1001/archpsyc.65.12.1429

[10]

10.1037/a0032400

[11]

10.1016/j.appdev.2016.09.002

[12]

10.1037/1528-3542.7.1.30

[13]

10.1037/1528-3542.6.4.587

[14]

Campbell‐Sills L. (2014)

[15]

10.1016/j.brat.2009.12.013

[16]

The adolescent brain

B.J. Casey, Sarah Getz, Adriana Galván

Developmental Review 10.1016/j.dr.2007.08.003

[17]

10.1016/j.jaac.2010.08.017

[18]

10.1007/s11920-012-0262-2

[19]

10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00048-0

[20]

10.1080/07448481.2016.1266641

[21]

10.1037/bul0000110

[22]

10.1375/bech.23.3.165

[23]

10.1007/s10608-013-9537-0

[24]

Emotion regulation in social anxiety and depression: a systematic review of expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal

M. Taylor Dryman, Richard G. Heimberg

Clinical Psychology Review 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.07.004

[25]

10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.010

[26]

The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review

James J. Gross

Review of General Psychology 10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.271

[27]

Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being.

James J. Gross, Oliver P. John

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348

[28]

TheRPackagegeepackfor Generalized Estimating Equations

Ulrich Halekoh, Søren Højsgaard, Jun Yan

Journal of Statistical Software 10.18637/jss.v015.i02

[29]

10.1016/j.brat.2009.02.010

[30]

An internalizing pathway to alcohol use and disorder.

Andrea M. Hussong, Deborah J. Jones, Gabriela L. Stein et al.

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors 10.1037/a0024519

[31]

10.1007/s11136-010-9619-3

[32]

10.1080/02699931003784939

[33]

Emotion regulation in depression: Relation to cognitive inhibition

Jutta Joormann, Ian H. Gotlib

Cognition and Emotion 10.1080/02699930903407948

[34]

10.1016/j.brat.2016.07.007

[35]

10.31234/osf.io/chszq

[36]

Prevalence, Severity, and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication

Ronald C. Kessler, Wai Tat Chiu, OLGA DEMLER et al.

Archives of General Psychiatry 10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617

[37]

10.1177/2167702618785619

[38]

10.1037/adb0000589

[39]

10.1002/wcs.1177

[40]

10.1016/s0887-6185(98)00002-4

[41]

10.1016/j.cpr.2017.07.004

[42]

10.2307/2075823

[43]

10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00005.x

[44]

On the unnecessary ubiquity of hierarchical linear modeling.

Daniel McNeish, Laura M. Stapleton, Rebecca D. Silverman

Psychological Methods 10.1037/met0000078

[45]

10.1001/archpsyc.64.6.651

[46]

10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.05.002

[47]

10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00496.x

[48]

Telling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.

Richard E. Nisbett, Timothy D. Wilson

Psychological Review 10.1037/0033-295x.84.3.231

[49]

Rethinking Rumination

Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, Blair E. Wisco, Sonja Lyubomirsky

Perspectives on Psychological Science 10.1111/j.1745-6924.2008.00088.x

[50]

10.1111/cpsp.12037

Showing 50 of 80 references

Cited By

12

The power of emotion regulation: how managing sadness influences depression and anxiety?

Sumaia Mohammed Zaid, Fonny Dameaty Hutagalung · 2025

BMC Psychology

Metrics

12

Citations

80

References

Details

Published: Dec 09, 2022
Vol/Issue: 79(4)
Pages: 1082-1098
License: View

Authors

Y

Yasmeen T. Alawadhi

Department of Psychology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA

M

Michele R. Smith

Department of Psychology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA

K

Kevin M. King

Department of Psychology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA

Funding

National Institute on Drug Abuse

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Cite This Article

Yasmeen T. Alawadhi, Michele R. Smith, Kevin M. King (2022). The relations between real‐time use of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression symptoms. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 79(4), 1082-1098. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23458

The relations between real‐time use of emotion regulation strategies and anxiety and depression symptoms

You May Also Like