Environmental and human toxicology studies on explosive chemicals leaking from submerged munitions

Edmund Maser; Tobias Hartwig Bünning; Jennifer Susanne Strehse

doi:10.1002/prep.202300181

journal article Open Access Sep 29, 2023

Environmental and human toxicology studies on explosive chemicals leaking from submerged munitions

Edmund Maser

Tobias Hartwig Bünning Jennifer Susanne Strehse

Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics Vol. 49 No. 4 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/prep.202300181

Abstract

AbstractThis review provides an overview of 15 years of munitions research by the Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig‐Holstein, Kiel, Germany. As early as 2009, it was possible to detect the TNT metabolite 4‐ADNT in a quantity of 250 ng/g (wet weight) in blue mussels collected directly on munition items in the Kolberger Heide dumping area (Bight of Kiel, Baltic Sea, Germany). Based on these results, biomonitoring with blue mussels was established, in which uncontaminated mussels were exposed at certain distances from munition items and then retrieved after a few weeks in order to then be analyzed in the laboratory for energetic compounds (EC) including TNT and metabolites thereof. In following studies – in addition to mussels – also fish, sediments, water samples and passive samplers from specific locations were examined for the presence of EC. The study areas included dumping site regions from both the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, and were then extended to appropriate shipwrecks in the North Sea. The field studies were completed with laboratory investigations, which dealt with the development of a molecular biomarker as a kind of “early warning system” and with aspects of microbial degradation of EC. Finally, risk assessments for the marine environment and the human seafood consumer were carried out. The sections below are based on results from more than 10 scientific research projects and more than 20 publications in primary international research journals.

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Published: Sep 29, 2023
Vol/Issue: 49(4)
License: View

Authors

E

Edmund Maser

Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein Brunswiker Str. 10 24105 Kiel Germany

T

Tobias Hartwig Bünning

Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein Brunswiker Str. 10 24105 Kiel Germany

J

Jennifer Susanne Strehse

Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein Brunswiker Str. 10 24105 Kiel Germany

Cite This Article

Edmund Maser, Tobias Hartwig Bünning, Jennifer Susanne Strehse (2023). Environmental and human toxicology studies on explosive chemicals leaking from submerged munitions. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 49(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202300181

Environmental and human toxicology studies on explosive chemicals leaking from submerged munitions

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