Formulation and Characterization of Crosslinked Quinoa Starch Films Optimized by Response Surface Methodology

Neelam Dubey; Neelam Yadav; Pinki Saini

doi:10.1002/star.70153

journal article Jan 01, 2026

Formulation and Characterization of Crosslinked Quinoa Starch Films Optimized by Response Surface Methodology

Neelam Dubey

Neelam Yadav

Pinki Saini

Starch - Stärke Vol. 78 No. 1 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1002/star.70153

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The increasing demand for sustainable packaging solutions has catalyzed interest in starch‐based biodegradable films. However, native starches often exhibit limitations such as poor mechanical strength and high solubility. This study focuses on the development of edible films from chemically modified quinoa (
Chenopodium quinoa
) starch through boric acid crosslinking, optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was employed to assess the impact of crosslinked starch and glycerol on mechanical properties, including tensile strength (TS), puncture strength (PS), and puncture deformation (PD). The optimized film, formulated with 2% starch and 1% glycerol, exhibited enhanced mechanical integrity (TS: 59.98 MPa; PS: 81.75 N; PD: 1.1 mm) and superior barrier properties. Moisture content, solubility and water activity were significantly reduced, while transparency was improved. Structural analysis using SEM, FTIR, and XRD confirmed the formation of a denser, more amorphous matrix with reduced hydrophilicity. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of chemical crosslinking and RSM in producing high‐performance starch films suitable for eco‐friendly packaging applications.

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Published: Jan 01, 2026
Vol/Issue: 78(1)
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Authors

N

Neelam Dubey

Centre of Food Technology University of Allahabad Prayagraj India

N

Neelam Yadav

Centre of Food Technology University of Allahabad Prayagraj India

P

Pinki Saini

Centre of Food Technology University of Allahabad Prayagraj India

Cite This Article

Neelam Dubey, Neelam Yadav, Pinki Saini (2026). Formulation and Characterization of Crosslinked Quinoa Starch Films Optimized by Response Surface Methodology. Starch - Stärke, 78(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/star.70153

Formulation and Characterization of Crosslinked Quinoa Starch Films Optimized by Response Surface Methodology

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