Sustainable Valorisation of Animal Manures via Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: An Inclusive Review on Recent Trends

Prangya Ranjan Rout; Daya Shankar Pandey; Macsen Haynes-Parry; Caitlin Briggs; Helmer Luís Cachicolo Manuel; Reddicherla Umapathi; Sanjay Mukherjee; Sagarika Panigrahi; Mukesh Goel

doi:10.1007/s12649-022-01916-5

journal article Open Access Sep 10, 2022

Sustainable Valorisation of Animal Manures via Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: An Inclusive Review on Recent Trends

Prangya Ranjan Rout Daya Shankar Pandey Macsen Haynes-Parry Caitlin Briggs Helmer Luís Cachicolo Manuel Reddicherla Umapathi

Sanjay Mukherjee Sagarika Panigrahi Mukesh Goel

Waste and Biomass Valorization Vol. 14 No. 2 pp. 553-582 · Springer Science and Business Media LLC

View at Publisher Save 10.1007/s12649-022-01916-5

Abstract

Abstract
Purpose
With its substantial CO2eq emissions, the agricultural sector is a significant greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter. Animal manure alone contributes 16% of the total agricultural emissions. With a rapidly increasing demand for animal-based protein, animal wastes are expected to rise if sustainable manure management practices are not implemented. Manures have the potential to be treated to generate valuable products (biofertiliser and biocrude) or feedstock for energy production. Thermochemical conversion technologies such as pyrolysis, combustion, supercritical gasification (SCWG), etc., have demonstrated their potential in manure management and valorisation. This study provides a broader overview of these technologies and envisages future manure valorisation trends.

Methods
The paper presents a state-of-the-art review of manure valorisation. Characterisation of manure, modelling and optimisation of thermochemical conversion technologies along with life cycle anaalysis (LCA) are also reviewed.

Results
The literature review highlighted that the thermochemical conversion technologies can generate bio-oils, syngas, H2, biofuels, heat, and biochar as carbon-free fertiliser. The reported calorific value of the produced bio-oil was in the range of 26 MJ/kg to 32 MJ/kg. However, thermochemical conversion technologies are yet to be commercialised. The major challenges associated with the scale-up of manure derived feedstocks are relatively high moisture and ash content, lower calorific value and higher concentration of impurities (N, Cl, and S). LCA studies conclude that gasification presents a sustainable option for manure valorisation as it is economical with modest environmental threats.

Significance of Study
This review briefly states the current challenges faced in manure management and presents the case for a sustainable valorisation of animal manures using thermochemical technologies. The economic, environmental and societal advantages of these technologies are presented in order to promote the scientific and industrial development of the subject in the academic and research community.

Conclusions
Thermochemical conversion technologies are promising for manure valorisation for energy and nutrient recovery. However, their commercialisation viability needs wide-ranging evaluations such as techno-economics, life-cycle analysis, technology take-up and identification of stakeholders. There should be clear-cut policies to support such technologies. It should be advocated amongst communities and industries, which necessitates marketing by the governments to secure a clean energy future for the planet.

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Details

Published: Sep 10, 2022
Vol/Issue: 14(2)
Pages: 553-582
License: View

Authors

Helmer Luís Cachicolo Manuel

Cite This Article

Prangya Ranjan Rout, Daya Shankar Pandey, Macsen Haynes-Parry, et al. (2022). Sustainable Valorisation of Animal Manures via Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: An Inclusive Review on Recent Trends. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 14(2), 553-582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-022-01916-5

Sustainable Valorisation of Animal Manures via Thermochemical Conversion Technologies: An Inclusive Review on Recent Trends

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