journal article May 03, 2012

The pain of social disconnection: examining the shared neural underpinnings of physical and social pain

Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References
149
[1]
MacLean, P. D. in Neurobiology of Cingulate Cortex and Limbic Thalamus: A Comprehensive Handbook (eds Vogt, B. A. & Gabriel, M.) 1–15 (Birkhauser, 1993). 10.1007/978-1-4899-6704-6_1
[2]
Jaremka, L. M., Gabriel, S. & Carvallo, M. What makes us the best also makes us feel the worst: the emotional impact of independent and interdependent experiences. Self Identity 10, 44–63 (2011). 10.1080/15298860903513881
[3]
The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.

Roy F. Baumeister, Mark R. Leary

Psychological Bulletin 1995 10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497
[4]
Harlow, H. F. & Zimmerman, R. R. Affectional responses in the infant monkey. Science 102, 501–509 (1959).
[5]
Bowlby, J. Attachment and Loss, Vol. I: Attachment (Basic Books, 1969).
[6]
Panksepp, J. Affective Neuroscience (Oxford Univ. Press, 1998). 10.1093/oso/9780195096736.001.0001
[7]
Does Rejection Hurt? An fMRI Study of Social Exclusion

Naomi I. Eisenberger, Matthew D. Lieberman, Kipling D. Williams

Science 2003 10.1126/science.1089134
[8]
Eisenberger, N. I. & Lieberman, M. D. Why rejection hurts: the neurocognitive overlap between physical and social pain. Trends Cogn. Sci. 8, 294–300 (2004). 10.1016/j.tics.2004.05.010
[9]
Eisenberger, N. I. in The Handbook of Social Neuroscience (eds Decety, J. & Cacioppo, J.) 586–598 (Oxford Univ. Press, 2011).
[10]
MacDonald, G. & Leary, M. R. Why does social exclusion hurt? The relationship between social and physical pain. Psych. Rev. 131, 202–223 (2005). This paper provides an in-depth review of the psychological overlap between physical and social pain.
[11]
International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) Task Force on Taxonomy. in Classification of Chronic Pain, 2nd edn (eds Merskey H. & Bogduk, N.) 209–214 (IASP Press, 1994).
[12]
Freud, S. Beyond the Pleasure Principle and Other Writings 239 (Penguin Books, 1926).
[13]
Leary, M. R. & Springer, C. in Behaving Badly: Aversive Behaviors in Interpersonal Relationships (ed. Kowalski, R. M.) 151–175 (American Psychological Association, 2001). 10.1037/10365-006
[14]
Tang, N. K. Y. & Crane, C. Suicidality in chronic pain: a review of prevalence risk factors and psychological links. Psychol. Med. 36, 575–586 (2006). 10.1017/s0033291705006859
[15]
Darbonne, A. R. Study of psychological content in the communications of suicidal individuals. J. Consult. Clin. Psych. 33, 46–50 (1969). 10.1037/h0027391
[16]
Mee, S., Bunney, B. G., Reist, C., Potkin, S. G. & Bunney, W. E. Psychological pain: a review of evidence. J. Psychiatr. Res. 40, 680–690 (2006). 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.03.003
[17]
Beck, A. T., Laude, R. & Bohnert, M. Ideational components of anxiety neurosis. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 31, 319–325 (1974). 10.1001/archpsyc.1974.01760150035005
[18]
Chen, Z., Williams, K. D., Fitness, J. & Newton, N. When hurt will not heal: exploring the capacity to relive social and physical pain. Psychol. Sci. 19, 789–795 (2008). 10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02158.x
[19]
Riva, P., Wirth, J. H. & Williams, K. D. The consequences of pain: the social and physical pain overlap on psychological responses. Eur. J. Soc. Psychol. 41, 681–687 (2011). 10.1002/ejsp.837
[20]
Gudmundsdottir, M. Embodied grief: bereaved parents' narratives of their suffering body. Omega (Westport) 59, 253–269 (2009). 10.2190/om.59.3.e
[21]
Zisook, S., Devaul, R. A. & Click, M. A. Measuring symptoms of grief and bereavement. Am. J. Psychiatry 139, 1590–1593 (1982). 10.1176/ajp.139.12.1590
[22]
Eccleston, C. & Combez, G. Pain demands attention: a cognitive-affective of the interruptive function of pain. Psychol. Bull. 125, 356–366 (1999). 10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.356
[23]
Nagasako, E. M., Oaklander, A. L. & Dworkin, R. H. Congenital insensitivity to pain: an update. Pain 101, 213–219 (2003). 10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00482-7
[24]
Price, D. D., von der Gruen, A., Miller, Raffi, A. & Price, C. A psychophysical analysis of morphine analgesia. Pain 22, 261–269 (1985). 10.1016/0304-3959(85)90026-0
[25]
Kieffer, B. L. & Gavériaux-Ruff, C. Exploring the opioid system by gene knockout. Prog. Neurobiol. 66, 285–306 (2002). 10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00008-4
[26]
Panksepp, J., Herman, B., Conner, R., Bichop, P. & Scott, J. P. The biology of social attachments: opiates alleviate separation distress. Biol. Psychiatry 13, 607–618 (1978). This paper provides a review of the research showing that opioids can reduce social pain (separation distress) in addition to physical pain.
[27]
Herman, B. H. & Panksepp, J. Effects of morphine and naxolone on separation distress and approach and approach attachment: evidence for opiate mediation of social affect. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 9, 213–220 (1978). 10.1016/0091-3057(78)90167-3
[28]
Kalin, N. H., Shelton, S. E. & Barksdale, C. M. Opiate modulation of separation-induced distress in non-human primates. Brain Res. 440, 285–292 (1988). 10.1016/0006-8993(88)90997-3
[29]
Warnick, J. E., McCurdy, C. R. & Sufka, K. J. Opioid receptor function in social attachment in young domestic fowl. Behav. Brain Res. 160, 277–285 (2005). 10.1016/j.bbr.2004.12.009
[30]
Moles, A., Kieffer, B. L. & D'Amato, F. R. Deficit in attachment behavior in mice lacking the mu-opioid receptor gene. Science 304, 1983–1986 (2004). 10.1126/science.1095943
[31]
Panksepp, J., Najam, N. & Soares, F. Morphine reduces social cohesion in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 11, 131–134 (1979). 10.1016/0091-3057(79)90002-9
[32]
Fabre-Nys, C., Meller, R. E. & Keverne, E. B. Opiate antagonists stimulate affiliative behaviour in monkeys. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 16, 653–659 (1992). 10.1016/0091-3057(82)90432-4
[33]
Treede, R.-D., Kenshalo, D. R., Gracely, R. H. & Jones, A. K. P. The cortical representation of pain. Pain 79, 105–111 (1999). 10.1016/s0304-3959(98)00184-5
[34]
Psychological and Neural Mechanisms of the Affective Dimension of Pain

Donald D. Price

Science 2000 10.1126/science.288.5472.1769
[35]
Danziger, N. & Willer, J.C. Tension-type headache as the unique pain experience of a patient with congenital insensitivity to pain. Pain 117, 478–483 (2005). 10.1016/j.pain.2005.07.012
[36]
Ballantine, H. T., Bouckoms, A. J., Thomas, E. K. & Giriunas, I. E. Treatment of psychiatric illness by stereotactic cingulotomy. Biol. Psychiatry 22, 807–819 (1987). 10.1016/0006-3223(87)90080-1
[37]
Foltz, E. L. & White, L. E. Pain “relief” by frontal cingulumotomy. J. Neurosurg. 19, 89–100 (1962). This neurosurgical report demonstrates that, among patients with chronic pain, lesions to the dACC can reduce the 'distress' or 'suffering' associated with a physically painful experience. 10.3171/jns.1962.19.2.0089
[38]
Johansen, J. P., Fields, H. L. & Manning, B. H. The affective component of pain in rodents: direct evidence for a contribution of the anterior cingulate cortex. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 98, 8077–8082 (2001). 10.1073/pnas.141218998
[39]
Gabriel, M., Kubota, Y., Sparenborg, S., Straube, K. & Vogt, B. A. Effects of cingulate cortical lesions on avoidance learning and training-induced unit activity in rabbits. Exp. Brain Res. 86, 585–600 (1991). 10.1007/bf00230532
[40]
Berthier, M., Starkstein, M. D. & Leiguarda, R. Asymbolia for pain: a sensory-limbic disconnection syndrome. Ann. Neurol. 24, 41–49 (1988). 10.1002/ana.410240109
[41]
Greenspan, J. D., Lee, R. L. & Lenz, F. A. Pain sensitivity alterations as a function of lesion location in the parasylvian. Pain 81, 273–282 (1999). 10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00021-4
[42]
Rainville, P., Duncan, G. H., Price, D. D., Carrier, B. & Bushnell, M. D. Pain affect encoded in human anterior cingulate but not somatosensory cortex. Science 277, 968–971 (1997). This study creatively highlights the role of the dACC in the affective component of pain. 10.1126/science.277.5328.968
[43]
Craig, A. D., Reiman, E. M., Evans, A. & Bushnell, M. C. Functional imaging of an illusion of pain. Nature 384, 258–260 (1996). 10.1038/384258a0
[44]
Craig, A. D. How do you feel? Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 3, 655–666 (2002). 10.1038/nrn894
[45]
Kulkarni, B. et al. Attention to pain localization and unpleasantness discriminates the functions of the medial and lateral pain systems. Eur. J. Neurosci 21, 3133–3142 (2005). 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04098.x
[46]
Shreckenberger, M. et al. The unpleasantness of toxic pain is encoded by the insular cortex. Neurology 64, 1175–1183 (2005). 10.1212/01.wnl.0000156353.17305.52
[47]
Tölle, T. R. et al. Region specific encoding of sensory pain and affective components of pain in the human brain:a positron emission tomography correlation analysis. Ann. Neurol. 45, 40–47 (1999). 10.1002/1531-8249(199901)45:1<40::aid-art8>3.0.co;2-l
[48]
Baumgartner, U. et al. High opiate receptor binding potential in the human lateral pain system. Neuroimage 30, 692–699 (2006). 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.10.033
[49]
Jones, A. K. P. et al. In vivo distribution of opioid receptors in man in relation to the cortical projections of the medial and lateral pain systems measured with positron emission tomography. Neurosci. Lett. 126, 25–28 (1991). 10.1016/0304-3940(91)90362-w
[50]
Schnitzler, A. & Ploner, M. Neurophysiology and functional neuroanatomy of pain perception. J. Clin. Neurophysiol. 17, 592–603 (2000). 10.1097/00004691-200011000-00005

Showing 50 of 149 references

Cited By
692
Annual Review of Clinical Psycholog...
Journal of Traumatic Stress
Neurobiology of loneliness: a systematic review

Jeffrey A. Lam, Emily R. Murray · 2021

Neuropsychopharmacology
Nature Communications
The Journal of Sex Research
Metrics
692
Citations
149
References
Details
Published
May 03, 2012
Vol/Issue
13(6)
Pages
421-434
License
View
Cite This Article
Naomi I. Eisenberger (2012). The pain of social disconnection: examining the shared neural underpinnings of physical and social pain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13(6), 421-434. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3231
Related

You May Also Like

Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain

Maurizio Corbetta, Gordon L. Shulman · 2002

12,753 citations

Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience

Katherine S. Button, John P. A. Ioannidis · 2013

5,996 citations

The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory?

Karl Friston · 2010

5,864 citations