Effects of Inhaled Nitric Oxide Compared with Aspirin on Platelet Function in Vivo in Healthy Subjects

1. Nitric oxide has platelet-stabilizing effects. Inhaled nitric oxide is used to treat pulmonary disorders, and may prolong bleeding times, suggesting that it has effects on haemostasis. We therefore examined if inhaled nitric oxide influences platelet function in vivo in healthy subjects.
2. Platelet aggregability (filtragometry ex vivo, which reflects aggregability in vivo), bleeding time and platelet secretion products and cGMP in plasma were studied during inhalation of two different doses of nitric oxide (30 and 80 p.p.m.; 15 min at each dose level; n = 19) and during prolonged (55 min; n = 18) inhalation of 30p.p.m. nitric oxide. For comparison, studies were also performed before and after ingestion of 640 mg aspirin in 13 of the healthy subjects.
3. Plasma cGMP increased dose dependently during nitric oxide inhalation, suggesting guanylate cyclase activation in vivo. Platelet aggregability was, however, little affected and platelet secretion was not attenuated by nitric oxide inhalation. Bleeding time tended to increase (by 16–33%), but was significantly increased only after prolonged inhalation of nitric oxide at 30 p.p.m.
4. Aspirin (640 mg orally) caused pronounced and significant prolongations of filtragometry readings and bleeding time. Thus, the methods used were able to reveal platelet stabilization.
5. We conclude that nitric oxide inhalation causes only mild, if any, attenuation of platelet function in healthy subjects with a normal endogenous nitric oxide production. The effects may be different in disease states.