journal article Aug 01, 1953

Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces

Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 24 No. 8 pp. 981-988 · AIP Publishing

View at Publisher Save 10.1063/1.1721448

Abstract

The interpretation of certain phenomena occuring at nominally flat surfaces in stationary or sliding contact is dependent on the assumed distribution of the real area of contact between the surfaces. Since there is little direct evidence on which to base an estimate of this distribution, the approach used is to set up a simple model and compare the deduced theory (e.g., the deduced dependence of the experimental observables on the load) with the experimental evidence. The main conclusions are as follows. (a) The electrical contact resistance depends on the model used to represent the surfaces; the most realistic model is one in which increasing the load increases both the number and size of the contact areas. (b) In general, mechanical wear should also depend on the model. However, in wear experiments showing the simplest behavior, the wear rate is proportional to the load, and these results can be explained by assuming removal of lumps at contact areas formed by plastic deformation; moreover, this particular deduction is independent of the assumed model. This suggests that a basic assumption of previous theories, that increasing the load increases the number of contacts without affecting their average size, is redundant.

Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References

10

[1]

[2]

[3]

Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) (1948)

[4]

[5]

Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) (1952)

[6]

J. Appl. Phys. (1952) 10.1063/1.1701970

[7]

Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) (1950)

[8]

Inst. Mech Engrs. (London) (1937)

[9]

The Nature of the Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction

Ernest Rabinowicz

Journal of Applied Physics 1951 10.1063/1.1699869

[10]

Arch Eisenhüttenw. (1943)

Cited By

6,810

A review of radiation effects and tribological behavior in multi-principal element alloys: towards extreme environment applications

Qing Zhou, Dongpeng Hua · 2026

Review of Materials Research

Three-dimensional analysis of fretting-fatigue problems under variable normal loading conditions: Correlation between experiments and simulations using a non-local approach

Naansonou Patrick Lare, Yoann Guilhem · 2026

International Journal of Solids and...

Impact of metallurgical parameters on wear rate and COF of DP steels using ML-driven methods

Masoud Safarpour, Aliakbar Ekrami · 2026

Results in Engineering

Energy-driven modeling and dominant factor analysis of disc cutter wear across different cutterhead regions in hard rock tunneling utilizing XGBoost

Zhao Cui, Cuixia Su · 2026

Tunnelling and Underground Space Te...

A comprehensive review on rubber wear modeling with focus on tire applications

Raffaele Maglione, Flavio Farroni · 2026

iScience

Achieving synergistic enhancement of wear resistance and mechanical properties of ZrO2(Y2O3)-graphite composite inspired by dental crown architecture

Pengyu Lin, Xin You · 2026

Tribology International

Carbon quantum dots as lubrication-enhancing additives for DLC/PAO composite systems

Kexin Tang, Runjun Liu · 2026

Tribology International

A novel contactless measurement framework for punch tool wear using cross-correlation imaging and burr-based deep learning estimation

Kuang-Jau Fann, Pakanun Wattanasinbumrung · 2026

Results in Engineering

Tribocorrosion of selective laser melted (SLM) Ti–6Al–4V: effect of an oxygen diffusion layer formed by thermal oxidation

Mahsa Mohammadi, Behrooz Rahmatian · 2026

Journal of Materials Research and T...

Investigation of the effects of a laser-induced integrated gradient structure on the wear resistance of EX30 bearing steel

Yang Wang, Guorong Wang · 2026

Journal of Materials Research and T...

A multiscale model of friction considering the influence of third-body wear particles

P. Alavi, L. Rocchi · 2026

Wear

Crack initiation in wing rails of swing nose crossings in heavy haul railways

Enhui Zhang, Chung Lun Pun · 2026

Engineering Failure Analysis

Sliding wear behavior of borided TI6Al4V alloy under dry conditions and simulated body fluid (calf serum)

J.A. Nieto-Sosa, G.A. Rodríguez-Castro · 2025

Surface and Coatings Technology

Finite Element Simulation Method for Fretting Wear Considering Double-Side Wear Behavior

Yifan Song, Pei Yan · 2025

Tribology Letters

Effect of TiC ceramic particles size on microstructure and tribo-corrosion behavior of FeCoCrNiTi high-entropy alloy coatings by laser cladding

K.X. Zheng, C.L. Wu · 2025

Surface and Coatings Technology

Tribological behaviour of laser cladding CoCrFeNiMo0.5Ti -hBN high-entropy alloy composite coatings under dry and tribocorrosion conditions

Yuzhu Wu, Wenlei Sun · 2025

Ceramics International

Tribological behavior of the carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite with orderly arranged carbon nanotubes

Wei Li, Zhen Li · 2025

Tribology International

Low friction and wear characteristics formed by mechanically induced surface nanocrystallization: A review of recent advances

Youwang Tu, Yong He · 2025

Friction

Tribological behavior of sliding contact with olive oil lubrication under high temperature condition

Yanliang Xiao, Liu Yang · 2025

Industrial Crops and Products

Effects of surface integrity on wear resistance of 42CrMo steel subjected to ultrasonic shot peening

Long Chen, Shengyang Hu · 2025

Journal of Manufacturing Processes

Metrics

6,810

Citations

10

References

Details

Published: Aug 01, 1953
Vol/Issue: 24(8)
Pages: 981-988

Authors

Research Laboratory, Associated Electrical Industries Limited, Aldermaston, Berkshire, England

Cite This Article

J. F. Archard (1953). Contact and Rubbing of Flat Surfaces. Journal of Applied Physics, 24(8), 981-988. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1721448

Related

You May Also Like

Polymorphic transitions in single crystals: A new molecular dynamics method

M. Parrinello, A. Rahman · 1981

19,654 citations

Detailed Balance Limit of Efficiency ofp-nJunction Solar Cells

William Shockley, Hans J. Queisser · 1961

11,889 citations

A comprehensive review of ZnO materials and devices

Ü. Özgür, Ya. I. Alivov · 2005

10,305 citations

A Powder Technique for the Evaluation of Nonlinear Optical Materials

S. K. Kurtz, T. T. Perry · 1968

5,757 citations

On differential equations of nonlocal elasticity and solutions of screw dislocation and surface waves

A. Cemal Eringen · 1983

4,321 citations