Physical and hydraulic forces experienced by fish passing through three different low-head hydropower turbines

Craig A. Boys; Brett D. Pflugrath; Melanie Mueller; Joachim Pander; Zhiqun D. Deng; Juergen Geist

doi:10.1071/mf18100

journal article Sep 12, 2018

Physical and hydraulic forces experienced by fish passing through three different low-head hydropower turbines

Craig A. Boys

Brett D. Pflugrath Melanie Mueller Joachim Pander

Zhiqun D. Deng Juergen Geist

Marine and Freshwater Research Vol. 69 No. 12 pp. 1934-1944 · CSIRO Publishing

View at Publisher Save 10.1071/mf18100

Abstract

Knowing the kinds of physical stress experienced by fish passing through hydropower turbines can help optimise technologies and improve fish passage. This paper assesses the hydraulic conditions experienced through three different low-head turbines (a very low head (VLH), Archimedes screw and horizontal Kaplan turbine), taken using an autonomous sensor. In total, 127 Sensor Fish deployments were undertaken across all three turbines, generating 82 valid datasets. Decompression was rare at the VLH and screw turbines and rarely fell more than 10 kPa below atmospheric pressure. In contrast, the Kaplan was capable of generating pressures as low as 55.5 kPa (~45 kPa below atmospheric pressure), over shorter periods of time. More severe ratios of pressure changes could, therefore, be expected for both surface- and depth-acclimated fish at the Kaplan than at the other turbines. Strike was another possible source of fish injury (detected in 69–100% of deployments), and although strike severity was highest at the Kaplan, strike was more likely to be encountered at the screw and VLH than the Kaplan turbine. Shear occurred only near the blades of the Kaplan, and not at severe levels. The results demonstrated that low-head hydropower facilities are not without their risks for downstream migrating fish.

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References

Details

Published: Sep 12, 2018
Vol/Issue: 69(12)
Pages: 1934-1944
License: View

Authors

C

Craig A. Boys

ANew South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach Road, Taylors Beach, NSW 2316, Australia.; BInstitute for Land Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Elizabeth Mitchell Drive, Thurgoona, NSW 2640, Australia.; ECorresponding author. Email: craig.boys@dpi.nsw.gov.au

B

Brett D. Pflugrath

ANew South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach Road, Taylors Beach, NSW 2316, Australia.

M

Melanie Mueller

CAquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, D-85354 Freising, Germany.

J

Joachim Pander

CAquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, D-85354 Freising, Germany.

Z

Zhiqun D. Deng

DPacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA.

J

Juergen Geist

CAquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 22, D-85354 Freising, Germany.

Cite This Article

Craig A. Boys, Brett D. Pflugrath, Melanie Mueller, et al. (2018). Physical and hydraulic forces experienced by fish passing through three different low-head hydropower turbines. Marine and Freshwater Research, 69(12), 1934-1944. https://doi.org/10.1071/mf18100

Physical and hydraulic forces experienced by fish passing through three different low-head hydropower turbines

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