Abstract
Given a uniform algebra



A
A



on a compact Hausdorff space



X
X



and a point



x
x



in



X
X



, denote by




M
x

M_x



the ideal of functions in



A
A



that vanish at



x
x



and by




J
x

J_x



the ideal of functions in



A
A



that vanish on a neighborhood of



x
x



. It is shown that for each integer




m




2

m\geq 2



, there exists a compact plane set



K
K



containing the origin such that in




R
(
K
)

R(K)



we have






J
x


¯








M
x


\overline {J_x}\supset M_x



for every




x




K




{
0
}

x\in K\setminus \{0\}



and






J
0


¯








M
0
m


\overline {J_0}\supset M_0^m



but






J
0


¯





M
0

m




1



\overline {J_0} \not \supset M_0^{m-1}



. This result establishes a recent conjecture of Alexander Izzo [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 378 (2025), 8967–8988]. For the proof we introduce a construction that could be described as taking square roots of Swiss cheeses.
Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References
20
[1]
Dales, H. G. (2000)
[2]
Feinstein, Joel Francis "Point derivations and prime ideals in 𝑅(𝑋)" Studia Math. (1991) 10.4064/sm-98-3-235-246
[3]
Feinstein, Joel F. "A nontrivial, strongly regular uniform algebra" J. London Math. Soc. (2) (1992) 10.1112/jlms/s2-45.2.288
[4]
Feinstein, J. F. "Regularity of 𝑅(𝑋) does not pass to finite unions" Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. (2020) 10.1090/proc/14944
[5]
Feinstein, J. F. "Regularity points and Jensen measures for 𝑅(𝑋)" Studia Math. (2016) 10.4064/sm8351-7-2016
[6]
Feinstein, J. F. "Swiss cheeses, rational approximation and universal plane curves" Studia Math. (2010) 10.4064/sm196-3-5
[7]
T. W. Gamelin, Uniform Algebras, 2nd ed., Chelsea Publishing Company, New York, NY, 1984.
[8]
Izzo, Alexander J. "A normal uniform algebra that fails to be strongly regular at a peak point" Pacific J. Math. (2024) 10.2140/pjm.2024.331.77
[9]
A. J. Izzo, A sharper Swiss cheese, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 378 (2025), 8967–8988. 10.1090/tran/9477
[10]
Kaniuth, Eberhard "Weak spectral synthesis in commutative Banach algebras. III" J. Funct. Anal. (2015) 10.1016/j.jfa.2015.01.004
[11]
McKissick, Robert "A nontrivial normal sup norm algebra" Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (1963) 10.1090/s0002-9904-1963-10940-4
[12]
Mergelyan, S. N. "Uniform approximations of functions of a complex variable" Uspehi Matem. Nauk (N.S.) (1952)
[13]
Mortini, Raymond "Closed and prime ideals in the algebra of bounded analytic functions" Bull. Austral. Math. Soc. (1987) 10.1017/s0004972700013186
[14]
O’Farrell, Anthony G. "A regular uniform algebra with a continuous point derivation of infinite order" Bull. London Math. Soc. (1979) 10.1112/blms/11.1.41
[15]
Roth, Alice "Approximationseigenschaften und Strahlengrenzwerte meromorpher und ganzer Funktionen" Comment. Math. Helv. (1938) 10.1007/bf01199693
[16]
Sidney, S. J. "Properties of the sequence of closed powers of a maximal ideal in a sup-norm algebra" Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. (1968) 10.2307/1994685
[17]
Stout, Edgar Lee (1971)
[18]
Warner, C. Robert "Weak spectral synthesis" Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. (1987) 10.2307/2046619
[19]
Wermer, John "Bounded point derivations on certain Banach algebras" J. Functional Analysis (1967) 10.1016/0022-1236(67)90025-0
[20]
Wilken, Donald R. "A note on strongly regular function algebras" Canadian J. Math. (1969) 10.4153/cjm-1969-100-0
Metrics
0
Citations
20
References
Details
Published
Mar 11, 2026
Vol/Issue
154(5)
Pages
2053-2065
License
View
Funding
National Science Foundation Award: OWRF Ref 2416p
Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach Award: OWRF Ref 2416p
Cite This Article
J. Feinstein, Alexander Izzo (2026). Weakly strongly regular uniform algebras. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 154(5), 2053-2065. https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/17523
Related

You May Also Like

On the stability of the linear mapping in Banach spaces

Themistocles M. Rassias · 1978

2,007 citations

On the product of semi-groups of operators

H. F. Trotter · 1959

1,829 citations

Fixed points by a new iteration method

Shiro Ishikawa · 1974

963 citations