Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Petek Eylul Taneri; Faina Wehrli; Zayne M Roa-Diaz; Oche Adam Itodo; Dante Salvador; Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi; Lia Bally; Beatrice Minder; Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong; Jessica E Laine; Arjola Bano; Marija Glisic; Taulant Muka

doi:10.1093/aje/kwac039

journal article Mar 01, 2022

Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Petek Eylul Taneri Faina Wehrli Zayne M Roa-Diaz Oche Adam Itodo Dante Salvador Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi Lia Bally

Beatrice Minder

Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong Jessica E Laine Arjola Bano Marija Glisic

Taulant Muka

American Journal of Epidemiology Vol. 191 No. 7 pp. 1323-1335 · Oxford University Press (OUP)

View at Publisher Save 10.1093/aje/kwac039

Abstract

AbstractConsumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has increased worldwide during the last decades because they are hyperpalatable, cheap, and ready-to-consume products. However, uncertainty exists about their impact on health. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the association of UPF consumption with all-cause mortality risk. Five bibliographic databases were searched for relevant studies. Random effects models were used to calculate pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Of 6,951 unique citations, 40 unique prospective cohort studies comprising 5,750,133 individuals were included; publication dates ranged from 1984 to 2021. Compared with low consumption, highest consumption of UPF (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.42), sugar-sweetened beverages (RR = 1.11, 95% CI, 1.04, 1.18), artificially sweetened beverages (RR = 1.14, 95% CI, 1.05, 1.22), and processed meat/red meat (RR = 1.15, 95% CI, 1.10, 1.21) were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality. However, breakfast cereals were associated with a lower mortality risk (RR = 0.85, 95% CI, 0.79, 0.92). This meta-analysis suggests that high consumption of UPF, sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, processed meat, and processed red meat might increase all-cause mortality, while breakfast cereals might decrease it. Future studies are needed to address lack of standardized methods in UPF categorization.

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Details

Published: Mar 01, 2022
Vol/Issue: 191(7)
Pages: 1323-1335
License: View

Authors

P

Petek Eylul Taneri

HRB‐Trials Methodology Research Network, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences University of Galway Galway Ireland

Hamidreza Raeisi-Dehkordi

Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong

Cite This Article

Petek Eylul Taneri, Faina Wehrli, Zayne M Roa-Diaz, et al. (2022). Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 191(7), 1323-1335. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwac039

Association Between Ultra-Processed Food Intake and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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