A 21-cm power spectrum at 48 MHz, using the Owens Valley Long Wavelength Array

H Garsden; L Greenhill; G Bernardi; A Fialkov; D C Price; D A Mitchell; J Dowell; M. Spinelli; F K Schinzel

doi:10.1093/mnras/stab1671

journal article Jun 11, 2021

A 21-cm power spectrum at 48 MHz, using the Owens Valley Long Wavelength Array

H Garsden L Greenhill G Bernardi A Fialkov D C Price

D A Mitchell J Dowell

M. Spinelli F K Schinzel

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Vol. 506 No. 4 pp. 5802-5817 · Oxford University Press (OUP)

View at Publisher Save 10.1093/mnras/stab1671

Abstract

ABSTRACT
The Large-aperture Experiment to detect the Dark Age (LEDA) was designed to measure the 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen at Cosmic Dawn, z ≈ 15–30. Using observations made with the ≈ 200 m diameter core of the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array (OVRO–LWA), we present a 2D cylindrical spatial power spectrum for data at 43.1–53.5 MHz (zmedian ≈ 28) incoherently integrated for 4 h, and an analysis of the array sensitivity. Power from foregrounds is localized to a ‘wedge’ within k⊥, $k_\parallel$ space. After calibration of visibilities using five bright compact sources including Vir A, we measure Δ2(k) ≈ 2 × 1012 mK2 outside the foreground wedge, where an uncontaminated cosmological signal would lie, in principle. The measured Δ2(k) is an upper limit that reflects a combination of thermal instrumental and sky noise, and unmodelled systematics that scatter power from the wedge, as will be discussed. By differencing calibrated visibilities for close pairs of frequency channels, we suppress foreground sky structure and systematics, extract thermal noise, and use a mix of coherent and incoherent integration to simulate a noise-dominated power spectrum for a 3000 h observation and z = 16−37. For suitable calibration quality, the resulting noise level, Δ2(k) ≈ 100 mK2 (k = 0.3 Mpc−1), would be sufficient to detect peaks in the 21-cm spatial power spectrum due to early Ly-α and X-ray sources, as predicted for a range of theoretical model parameters.

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Details

Published: Jun 11, 2021
Vol/Issue: 506(4)
Pages: 5802-5817
License: View

Authors

H

H Garsden

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , MS42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Astronomy Unit, Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK

L

L Greenhill

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , MS42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

G

G Bernardi

INAF, Istituto di Radioastronomia , via Gobetti 101, I-40129, Bologna, Italy; Department of Physics & Electronics , Artillery Road, Rhodes University, 6139, Grahamstown, South Africa; South African Radio Astronomy Observatory , FIR Street, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa

A

A Fialkov

Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK; Kavli Institute for Cosmology , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK

D

D C Price

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , MS42, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University , Bentley, WA 6102, Australia

D

D A Mitchell

CSIRO Astronomy & Space Science, Australia Telescope National Facility , P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia

J

J Dowell

Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Blvd NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico

M

M. Spinelli

INAF, Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , Via G.B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, Italy; IFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe , Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

F

F K Schinzel

National Radio Astronomy Observatory , University of New Mexico, P.O. Box O, Socorro, NM 87801, USA

Funding

National Science Foundation Award: AST/1616709

California Institute of Technology

Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

Cite This Article

H Garsden, L Greenhill, G Bernardi, et al. (2021). A 21-cm power spectrum at 48 MHz, using the Owens Valley Long Wavelength Array. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 506(4), 5802-5817. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1671

A 21-cm power spectrum at 48 MHz, using the Owens Valley Long Wavelength Array

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