journal article Open Access Aug 23, 2024

State Complicity: Settler Colonialism, Multisided Violence, and Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls in Canada

View at Publisher Save 10.1093/sp/jxae013
Abstract
Abstract
This article theorizes and analyzes the Canadian state’s complicity in the crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls (MMIWG) in terms of the acts of omission (inaction) and commission (action) of the police and courts. Building on the intersectional perspective of Indigenous and antiracist feminist scholarship on MMIWG, I argue that these acts of omission and commission are rooted in a context of “multisided violence” that is colonial in nature: state action and inaction reproduce and normalize the conditions in which Indigenous women and girls can be murdered with impunity. I analyze reports by Indigenous and feminist civil society organizations as part of their transnational advocacy to compel the Canadian state to address MMIWG. I show that state acts of omission and commission are intertwined and reinforce each other through a pattern of inconsistent, deficient, and contradictory institutional responses to violence against Indigenous women and girls.
Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References
71
[1]
Abraham "Addressing Domestic Violence in Canada and the United States: The Uneasy Co-habitation of Women and the State" Current Sociology (2016) 10.1177/0011392116639221
[2]
Adamson "The Impact of Adjacent Laws on Implementing Violence against Women Laws: Legal Violence in the Lives of Costa Rican Women" Law & Social Inquiry (2019) 10.1017/lsi.2019.58
[3]
Anderson (2018) 10.1515/9781772123906
[4]
Arvin "Decolonizing Feminism: Challenging Connections between Settler Colonialism and Heteropatriarchy" Feminist Formations (2013) 10.1353/ff.2013.0006
[5]
Balfour "Falling between the Cracks of Retributive and Restorative Justice: The Victimization and Punishment of Aboriginal Women" Feminist Criminology (2008) 10.1177/1557085108317551
[6]
Balfour "Do Law Reforms Matter? Exploring the Victimization–Criminalization Continuum in the Sentencing of Aboriginal Women in Canada" International Review of Victimology (2012) 10.1177/0269758012447213
[7]
Bourgeois "Colonial Exploitation: The Canadian State and the Trafficking of Indigenous Women and Girls in Canada" UCLA Law Review (2015)
[8]
Bourgeois (2018) 10.1515/9781772123906-008
[9]
Brodsky (2014)
[10]
Buller (2019)
[11]
Canadian Chair in Indigenous Governance (CAEFS) and FAFIA (2016)
[12]
Carter (1997) 10.1515/9780773566781
[13]
CASAC and FAFIA (2016)
[14]
CEDAW Committee (2016)
[15]
Comack (2014)
[16]
Crosby "Settler Colonialism and the Policing of Idle No More" Social Justice (2016)
[17]
Culhane "Their Spirits Live Within Us: Aboriginal Women in Downtown Eastside Vancouver Emerging into Visibility" American Indian Quarterly (2003) 10.1353/aiq.2004.0073
[18]
Department of Justice (2017)
[19]
Department of Justice (2019)
[20]
Eberts (2017)
[21]
FAFIA (2003)
[22]
FAFIA (2007)
[23]
FAFIA (2008)
[24]
FAFIA (2009)
[25]
FAFIA (2012)
[26]
FAFIA (2016)
[27]
Flores "Building the Settler Colonial Order. Police (In)actions in Response to Violence against Indigenous Women in ‘Canada" Gender & Society (2023) 10.1177/08912432231171171
[28]
García-Del Moral "The Murders of Indigenous Women as Feminicides: Toward a Decolonial Intersectional Reconceptualization of Femicide" Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society (2018) 10.1086/696692
[29]
García-Del Moral "Representation as a Technology of Violence: On the Representation of the Murders and Disappearances of Aboriginal Women in Canada and Women in Ciudad Juarez" Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (2011)
[30]
Glenn "Settler Colonialism as a Structure: A Framework for Comparative Studies of US Race and Gender Formation" Sociology of Race and Ethnicity (2015) 10.1177/2332649214560440
[31]
Green (2017)
[32]
Gotell (2007)
[33]
Hunt "Representing Colonial Violence: Trafficking, Sex Work, and the Violence of Law" Atlantis (2015) 10.7202/1119722ar
[34]
[35]
Jiwani "Missing and Murdered Women: Reproducing Marginality in News Discourse" Canadian Journal of Communication (2006) 10.22230/cjc.2006v31n4a1825
[36]
Kaye "Reconciliation in the Context of Settler-Colonial Gender Violence: ‘How Do We Reconcile with an Abuser?" Canadian Review of Sociology (2016) 10.1111/cars.12127
[37]
Kuokkanen "Globalization as Racialized, Sexualized Violence. The Case of Indigenous Women." International Feminist Journal of Politics (2008) 10.1080/14616740801957554
[38]
Lavell-Harvard (2016)
[39]
Lagarde (2010) 10.2307/j.ctv11smqfd.3
[40]
Lindberg (2012)
[41]
Lucchesi "Mapping Geographies of Canadian Colonial Occupation: Pathway Analysis of Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls" Gender, Place & Culture (2019) 10.1080/0966369x.2018.1553864
[42]
Menjívar (2011) 10.1525/9780520948419
[43]
Menjívar "Subverting Justice: Socio-legal Determinants of Impunity for Violence against Women in Guatemala" Laws (2016) 10.3390/laws5030031
[44]
Menjívar "The Architecture of Feminicide: The State, Inequalities and Everyday Gender Violence in Honduras" Latin American Research Review (2017) 10.25222/larr.73
[45]
Million (2013)
[46]
Monárrez (2010)
[47]
Nagy (2016)
[48]
NWAC, FAFIA, and the University of Miami Legal Clinic (2012)
[49]
NWAC and FAFIA (2013)
[50]
NWAC and FAFIA (2015)

Showing 50 of 71 references

Metrics
1
Citations
71
References
Details
Published
Aug 23, 2024
Vol/Issue
32(3)
Pages
560-583
License
View
Funding
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada Award: 430-2019-00098
Cite This Article
Paulina García-Del Moral (2024). State Complicity: Settler Colonialism, Multisided Violence, and Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls in Canada. Social Politics: International Studies in Gender, State & Society, 32(3), 560-583. https://doi.org/10.1093/sp/jxae013