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journal article Open Access Oct 19, 2020

South West and North Central Nigeria: Assessment of cassava mosaic disease and field status of African cassava mosaic virus and East African cassava mosaic virus

Angela O. Eni ORCID Oghenevwairhe P. Efekemo Olabode A. Onile‐ere Justin S. Pita
Annals of Applied Biology Vol. 178 No. 3 pp. 466-479 · Wiley
View at Publisher Save 10.1111/aab.12647
Abstract
AbstractCassava mosaic disease (CMD), caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs), is a major threat to cassava production in Nigeria. The predominant CMBs in Nigeria are African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) and East African cassava mosaic Cameroon virus (EACMCV), which are transmitted through infected stem cuttings and whitefly vectors. This study was conducted in 2015 and 2017 to assess the epidemiology of CMD and the current distribution of CMBs in cassava farms in South West (SW) and North Central (NC) Nigeria. A survey of cassava farms was undertaken, and samples representative of disease symptoms were collected and assessed using molecular techniques. A total of 184 and 328 cassava farms were sampled in 2015 and 2017, respectively. CMD incidence for both regions surveyed was 43.80 and 12.25% in 2015 and 2017, respectively. Fields in SW recorded a higher incidence rate in 2015 (SW: 45.11%, NC: 42.47%), while the reverse occurred in 2017 (SW: 10.90%, NC: 14.01%). Overall, the CMD incidence in Benue State (NC) was significantly higher than other locations surveyed in both years. CMD symptom severity and mean whitefly population were higher in SW Nigeria in the two survey years. ACMV was widespread across both zones, occurring in 79.1% (453/613) and 54.8% (386/704) of cassava leaf samples analysed in 2015 and 2017, respectively. EACMV was detected in only 6.0% (37/613) and 4.7% (33/704) of all cassava leaf samples analysed in 2015 and 2017, respectively. Overall, a higher proportion of infected samples were found in NC in both 2015 (NC: 85.2%, SW: 75.4%) and 2017 (NC: 73.6%, SW: 45.2%). Detection using strain‐specific primers revealed that 97% of EACMV positive samples were indeed infected by the EACMCV strain of the virus. As previously reported, samples with mixed infections showed a higher symptom severity than samples with single ACMV or EACMV infections. This study provides an update to the distribution of CMBs in SW and NC Nigeria and will be useful in development of monitoring and management strategies for the disease in both regions.
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Showing 50 of 54 references

Metrics
34
Citations
54
References
Details
Published
Oct 19, 2020
Vol/Issue
178(3)
Pages
466-479
License
View
Authors
A
Angela O. Eni

Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology Covenant University Ota Nigeria; West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE) for Root and Tuber Crops Ota Nigeria

O
Oghenevwairhe P. Efekemo

Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology Covenant University Ota Nigeria; West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE) for Root and Tuber Crops Ota Nigeria

O
Olabode A. Onile‐ere

Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology Covenant University Ota Nigeria; West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE) for Root and Tuber Crops Ota Nigeria

J
Justin S. Pita

Laboratory of Plant Physiology Université Felix Houphouët‐Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan Côte d'Ivoire

Funding
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Cite This Article
Angela O. Eni, Oghenevwairhe P. Efekemo, Olabode A. Onile‐ere, et al. (2020). South West and North Central Nigeria: Assessment of cassava mosaic disease and field status of African cassava mosaic virus and East African cassava mosaic virus. Annals of Applied Biology, 178(3), 466-479. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12647
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