Substance use disorders in prisoners: an updated systematic review and meta‐regression analysis in recently incarcerated men and women

Seena Fazel; Isabel A. Yoon; Adrian J. Hayes

doi:10.1111/add.13877

journal article Open Access Jun 28, 2017

Substance use disorders in prisoners: an updated systematic review and meta‐regression analysis in recently incarcerated men and women

Seena Fazel

Isabel A. Yoon

Adrian J. Hayes

Addiction Vol. 112 No. 10 pp. 1725-1739 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/add.13877

Abstract

AbstractAimsThe aims were to (1) estimate the prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders in prisoners on reception to prison and (2) estimate and test sources of between study heterogeneity.MethodsStudies reporting the 12‐month prevalence of alcohol and drug use disorders in prisoners on reception to prison from 1 January 1966 to 11 August 2015 were identified from seven bibliographic indexes. Primary studies involving clinical interviews or validated instruments leading to DSM or ICD diagnoses were included; self‐report surveys and investigations that assessed individuals more than 3 months after arrival to prison were not. Random‐effects meta‐analysis and subgroup and meta‐regression analyses were conducted. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.ResultsIn total, 24 studies with a total of 18 388 prisoners across 10 countries were identified. The random‐effects pooled prevalence estimate of alcohol use disorder was 24% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 21–27], with very high heterogeneity (I2 = 94%). These ranged from 16 to 51% in male and 10–30% in female prisoners. For drug use disorders, there was evidence of heterogeneity by sex, and the pooled prevalence estimate in male prisoners was 30% (95% CI = 22–38; I2 = 98%; 13 studies; range 10–61%) and, in female prisoners, was 51% (95% CI = 43–58; I2 = 95%; 10 studies; range 30–69%). On meta‐regression, sources of heterogeneity included higher prevalence of drug use disorders in women, increasing rates of drug use disorders in recent decades, and participation rate.ConclusionsSubstance use disorders are highly prevalent in prisoners. Approximately a quarter of newly incarcerated prisoners of both sexes had an alcohol use disorder, and the prevalence of a drug use disorder was at least as high in men, and higher in women.

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473

Citations

75

References

Details

Published: Jun 28, 2017
Vol/Issue: 112(10)
Pages: 1725-1739
License: View

Authors

S

Seena Fazel

Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital Oxford UK

I

Isabel A. Yoon

Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital Oxford UK

A

Adrian J. Hayes

Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital Oxford UK

Funding

Wellcome Trust Award: 095806

Cite This Article

Seena Fazel, Isabel A. Yoon, Adrian J. Hayes (2017). Substance use disorders in prisoners: an updated systematic review and meta‐regression analysis in recently incarcerated men and women. Addiction, 112(10), 1725-1739. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13877

Substance use disorders in prisoners: an updated systematic review and meta‐regression analysis in recently incarcerated men and women

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