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journal article Open Access Mar 12, 2019

Reconciling the concepts and measures of diversity, rarity and originality in ecology and evolution

Anna Kondratyeva ORCID Philippe Grandcolas ORCID Sandrine Pavoine ORCID
Biological Reviews Vol. 94 No. 4 pp. 1317-1337 · Wiley
View at Publisher Save 10.1111/brv.12504
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe concept of biological diversity, or biodiversity, is at the core of evolutionary and ecological studies. Many indices of biodiversity have been developed in the last four decades, with species being one of the central units of these indices. However, evolutionary and ecological studies need a precise description of species' characteristics to best quantify inter‐species diversity, as species are not equivalent and exchangeable. One of the first concepts characterizing species in biodiversity studies was abundance‐based rarity. Abundance‐based rarity was then complemented by trait‐ and phylo‐based rarity, called species' trait‐based and phylogenetic originalities, respectively. Originality, which is a property of an individual species, represents a species' contribution to the overall diversity of a reference set of species. Originality can also be defined as the rarity of a species' characteristics such as the state of a functional trait, which is often assumed to be represented by the position of the species on a phylogenetic tree. We review and compare various approaches for measuring originality, rarity and diversity and demonstrate that (i) even if attempts to bridge these concepts do exist, only a few ecological and evolutionary studies have tried to combine them all in the past two decades; (ii) phylo‐ and trait‐based diversity indices can be written as a function of species rarity and originality measures in several ways; and (iii) there is a need for the joint use of these three types of indices to understand community assembly processes and species' roles in ecosystem functioning in order to protect biodiversity efficiently.
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Showing 50 of 155 references

Metrics
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Citations
155
References
Details
Published
Mar 12, 2019
Vol/Issue
94(4)
Pages
1317-1337
License
View
Authors
A
Anna Kondratyeva

Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP 135, 75005 Paris France; Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Département Origines et Evolution, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université EPHE, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris France

P
Philippe Grandcolas

Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Département Origines et Evolution, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université EPHE, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP 50, 75005 Paris France

S
Sandrine Pavoine

Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP 135, 75005 Paris France

Funding
Agence Nationale de la Recherche Award: 10‐LABX‐0003
Cite This Article
Anna Kondratyeva, Philippe Grandcolas, Sandrine Pavoine (2019). Reconciling the concepts and measures of diversity, rarity and originality in ecology and evolution. Biological Reviews, 94(4), 1317-1337. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12504
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