How often are outcomes other than change in substance use measured? A systematic review of outcome measures in contemporary randomised controlled trials

Jone Bjornestad; James R. McKay; Henrik Berg; Christian Moltu; Sverre Nesvåg

doi:10.1111/dar.13051

journal article Open Access Mar 09, 2020

How often are outcomes other than change in substance use measured? A systematic review of outcome measures in contemporary randomised controlled trials

Jone Bjornestad

James R. McKay Henrik Berg Christian Moltu Sverre Nesvåg

Drug and Alcohol Review Vol. 39 No. 4 pp. 394-414 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/dar.13051

Abstract

AbstractIssuesRecovery is a theoretical construct and empirical object of inquiry. The aim was to review whether outcome measures used in randomised controlled trials of drug treatment reflect a comprehensive conceptualisation of recovery.ApproachSystematic review using the following databases: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effect, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO. Search returned 6556 original articles and 504 met the following inclusion criteria: randomised controlled trial in English‐language peer‐reviewed journal; sample meets criteria for drug dependence or drug use disorder; reports non‐substance use treatment outcomes. Review protocol registration: PROSPERO (CRD42018090064).Key Findings3.8% of the included studies had a follow up of 2 years or more. Withdrawal/craving was present in 31.1% of short‐term versus 0% of long‐term studies. Social functioning in 8% of short‐term versus 36.8% of long‐term studies. Role functioning (0.9 vs. 26.3%), risk behaviour (15.6 vs. 36.8%) and criminality (3.8 vs. 21.1%) followed a similar pattern. Housing was not examined short‐term and unregularly long‐term (2.0%). ‘Use of health‐care facilities’, clinical psychological, behavioural factors were frequently reported. Physiological or somatic health (15.2 vs. 10.5%), motivation (14.2 vs. 15.8%) and quality of life (7.1 vs. 0%) were less frequently reported.ConclusionThe short time interval of the follow up and lack of information on relevant factors in recovery prevents the development of evidence‐based approaches to improve these factors. Particularly, measures of social and role functioning should be added to reflect an adequate conceptualisation of recovery.

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Details

Published: Mar 09, 2020
Vol/Issue: 39(4)
Pages: 394-414
License: View

Authors

J

Jone Bjornestad

Department of Social Studies Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger Stavanger Norway; Department of Psychiatry District General Hospital of Førde Førde Norway

J

James R. McKay

Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway; Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA

H

Henrik Berg

Centre for the Study of the Sciences and the Humanities University of Bergen Bergen Norway

C

Christian Moltu

Department of Psychiatry District General Hospital of Førde Førde Norway

S

Sverre Nesvåg

Centre for Alcohol and Drug Research Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway; Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences Stavanger Norway

Cite This Article

Jone Bjornestad, James R. McKay, Henrik Berg, et al. (2020). How often are outcomes other than change in substance use measured? A systematic review of outcome measures in contemporary randomised controlled trials. Drug and Alcohol Review, 39(4), 394-414. https://doi.org/10.1111/dar.13051

How often are outcomes other than change in substance use measured? A systematic review of outcome measures in contemporary randomised controlled trials

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