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journal article Sep 13, 2013

Biogeographical regions and phytogeography of the eucalypts

Carlos E. González‐Orozco Andrew H. Thornhill ORCID Nunzio Knerr Shawn Laffan Joseph T. Miller ORCID
Diversity and Distributions Vol. 20 No. 1 pp. 46-58 · Wiley
View at Publisher Save 10.1111/ddi.12129
Abstract
AbstractAimTo map spatial patterns of species richness, species endemism and species turnover of the eucalypts; to propose a biogeographical regionalization of eucalypts based on species turnover; and to identify the environmental correlates of these patterns.LocationAustralia andMalesia.MethodsWe analysed 798 eucalypt species (Angophora,CorymbiaandEucalyptus) with distributions acrossAustralia andMalesia using square cells with a resolution of 100 × 100 km. Species richness, endemism and species turnover were calculated. Phytogeographical regions were identified using an agglomerative cluster analysis derived from a matrix of pairwiseSimpson's beta (βsim) dissimilarity values. Eleven environmental variables were used to analyse the environmental correlates of species turnover. Non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of the βsim,Getis‐OrdGi* hotspot spatial statistics and an ordination of the βsim‐NMDSwere used to investigate the environmental drivers at the continental level and for each of the phytogeographical regions.ResultsWe identified three centres of species richness and fourteen of endemism, of which several are newly identified. The main centres of species richness agree with previous studies. Six major eucalypt phytogeographical regions are proposed based on the species turnover: monsoon, tropical/subtropical, south‐east, south‐west,Eremaean north andEremaean south. These findings are supported by significant environmental differences of theNMDSvectors and theGi* statistics. The environmental drivers of species turnover are broadly consistent with the continental patterns of summer and winter rainfall below and above theTropic ofCapricorn.Main conclusionsThe proposed phytogeographical regions are similar to theAustralian biomes. Climate is the main driver of the phytogeographical regions, varying from region to region. Comprehensive bioregionalization frameworks and phytogeography updates, as proposed here, are fundamental for enhancing our understanding of the spatial distribution of biodiversity and therefore benefit global biogeography and help planners to identify regions of high conservation relevance.
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Details
Published
Sep 13, 2013
Vol/Issue
20(1)
Pages
46-58
License
View
Authors
C
Carlos E. González‐Orozco

Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

A
Andrew H. Thornhill

Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

N
Nunzio Knerr

Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

S
Shawn Laffan

School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales Kensington Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

J
Joseph T. Miller

Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia

Cite This Article
Carlos E. González‐Orozco, Andrew H. Thornhill, Nunzio Knerr, et al. (2013). Biogeographical regions and phytogeography of the eucalypts. Diversity and Distributions, 20(1), 46-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12129
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