Association of choline and betaine with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality: Meta‐analysis

Qinglin Yang; Hua Han; Zhongming Sun; Lu Liu; Xingting Zheng; Zeyu Meng; Na Tao; Jun Liu

doi:10.1111/eci.14041

journal article Jun 15, 2023

Association of choline and betaine with the risk of cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality: Meta‐analysis

Qinglin Yang

Hua Han

Zhongming Sun Lu Liu

Xingting Zheng Zeyu Meng Na Tao Jun Liu

European Journal of Clinical Investigation Vol. 53 No. 10 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/eci.14041

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the role of circulating levels of choline and betaine in the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all‐cause mortality by comprehensively reviewing observational studies.MethodsThis study was conducted according to PRISMA 2020 statement. Six electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were searched for cohort studies and derivative research design types (nested case–control and case‐cohort studies) from the date of inception to March 2022. We pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the highest versus lowest category and per SD of circulating choline and betaine concentrations in relation to the risk of CVD and all‐cause mortality.ResultsIn the meta‐analysis, 17 studies with a total of 33,009 participants were included. Random‐effects model results showed that highest versus lowest quantile of circulating choline concentrations were associated with the risk of CVD (RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.04–1.61) and all‐cause mortality (RR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.12–2.36). We also observed the risk of CVD were increased 13% (5%–22%) with per SD increment. Furthermore, highest versus lowest quantile of circulating betaine concentrations were not associated with the risk of CVD (RR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.92–1.24) and all‐cause mortality (RR = 1.39, 95% CI: 0.96–2.01). However, the risk of CVD was increased 14% (5%–23%) with per SD increment.ConclusionsHigher levels of circulating choline were associated with a higher risk of CVD and all‐cause mortality.

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Published: Jun 15, 2023
Vol/Issue: 53(10)
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Qinglin Yang