How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow

D. Berner; X. Thibert‐Plante

doi:10.1111/jeb.12683

journal article Jul 14, 2015

How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow

D. Berner X. Thibert‐Plante

Journal of Evolutionary Biology Vol. 28 No. 9 pp. 1641-1655 · Oxford University Press (OUP)

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/jeb.12683

Abstract

AbstractHabitat preference may promote adaptive divergence and speciation, yet the conditions under which this is likely are insufficiently explored. We use individual‐based simulations to study the evolution and consequence of habitat preference during divergence with gene flow, considering four different underlying genetically based behavioural mechanisms: natal habitat imprinting, phenotype‐dependent, competition‐dependent and direct genetic habitat preference. We find that the evolution of habitat preference generally requires initially high dispersal, is facilitated by asymmetry in population sizes between habitats, and is hindered by an increasing number of underlying genetic loci. Moreover, the probability of habitat preference to emerge and promote divergence differs greatly among the underlying mechanisms. Natal habitat imprinting evolves most easily and can allow full divergence in parameter ranges where no divergence is possible in the absence of habitat preference. The reason is that imprinting represents a one‐allele mechanism of assortative mating linking dispersal behaviour very effectively to local selection. At the other extreme, direct genetic habitat preference, a two‐allele mechanism, evolves under restricted conditions only, and even then facilitates divergence weakly. Overall, our results indicate that habitat preference can be a strong reproductive barrier promoting divergence with gene flow, but that this is highly contingent on the underlying preference mechanism.

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References

Details

Published: Jul 14, 2015
Vol/Issue: 28(9)
Pages: 1641-1655
License: View

Authors

D

D. Berner

Zoological Institute University of Basel Basel Switzerland

X

X. Thibert‐Plante

National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA; Department of Ecology and Genetics Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden; Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, and IceLab Umeå University Umeå Sweden

Funding

National Institutes of Health Award: GM56693

National Science Foundation

NSF Award Award: EF-0830858

Swiss National Science Foundation Award: PZ00P3_126391/1

Post-doctoral Fellowship from the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis

US Department of Homeland Security and the US Department of Agriculture

The University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Cite This Article

D. Berner, X. Thibert‐Plante (2015). How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 28(9), 1641-1655. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12683

How mechanisms of habitat preference evolve and promote divergence with gene flow

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