Evaluation and management of knee osteoarthritis

Siyi Zhu; Wenchun Qu; Chengqi He

doi:10.1111/jebm.12627

journal article Jul 04, 2024

Evaluation and management of knee osteoarthritis

Siyi Zhu

Wenchun Qu Chengqi He

Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine Vol. 17 No. 3 pp. 675-687 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/jebm.12627

Abstract

AbstractKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) significantly contributes to the global disability burden, with its incidence expected to escalate by 74.9% by 2050. The urgency to comprehend and tackle this condition is critical, necessitating an updated and thorough review of KOA. A systematic review up to February 26, 2024, has elucidated the principal aspects of KOA's pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and contemporary management paradigms. The origins of KOA are intricately linked to mechanical, inflammatory, and metabolic disturbances that impair joint function. Notable risk factors include age, obesity, and previous knee injuries. Diagnosis predominantly relies on clinical assessment, with radiographic evaluation reserved conditionally. The significance of rehabilitation assessments, informed by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health framework, is highlighted. Treatment strategies are diverse, prioritizing nonpharmacological measures such as patient education, exercise, and weight management, with pharmacological interventions considered adjuncts. Intra‐articular injections and surgical options are contemplated for instances where conventional management is inadequate. KOA stands as a predominant disability cause globally, characterized by a complex etiology and profound effects on individuals’ quality of life. Early, proactive management focusing on nonpharmacological interventions forms the cornerstone of treatment, aiming to alleviate symptoms and enhance joint function. This comprehensive review underscores the need for early diagnosis, individualized treatment plans, and the integration of rehabilitation assessments to optimize patient outcomes. Further research is needed to refine prevention strategies and improve management outcomes for KOA patients.

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References

Details

Published: Jul 04, 2024
Vol/Issue: 17(3)
Pages: 675-687
License: View

Authors

S

Siyi Zhu

Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China

W

Wenchun Qu

Department of Pain Medicine Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Florida USA

C

Chengqi He

Rehabilitation Medicine Center and Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China; Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan Province West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China Award: 82272599

Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province Award: 2024NSFSC0533

West China Hospital, Sichuan University Award: ZYGD23014

Cite This Article

Siyi Zhu, Wenchun Qu, Chengqi He (2024). Evaluation and management of knee osteoarthritis. Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 17(3), 675-687. https://doi.org/10.1111/jebm.12627

Evaluation and management of knee osteoarthritis

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