Pervasive fungicide resistance in Botrytis from strawberry in Norway: Identification of the grey mould pathogen and mutations
Control of grey mould, caused by
Botrytis
spp., is a major challenge in open field strawberry production.
Botrytis
was isolated from plant parts collected from 19 perennial strawberry fields with suspected fungicide resistance in the Agder region of Norway in 2016. Resistance to boscalid, pyraclostrobin and fenhexamid was high and found in 89.1%, 86.0% and 65.4% of conidia samples, respectively. Multiple fungicide resistance was common; 69.6% of conidia samples exhibited resistance to three or more fungicides.
Botrytis
group S and
B
.
cinerea sensu stricto
isolates were obtained from 19 and 16 fields, respectively. The
sdhB
,
cytb
,
erg27
and
mrr1
genes of a selection of isolates were examined for the presence of mutations known to confer fungicide resistance to boscalid, pyraclostrobin, fenhexamid and pyrimethanil plus fludioxonil, respectively. Allele‐specific PCR assays were developed for efficient detection of resistance‐conferring mutations in
cytb
. Among
B
.
cinerea
isolates, 84.7%, 86.3% and 61.3% had resistance‐conferring mutations in
sdhB
,
cytb
and
erg27
, respectively. A triplet deletion in
mrr1
, resulting in ΔL497, commonly associated with the multidrug resistance phenotype MDR1h, was detected in 29.2% of
Botrytis
group S isolates. High frequencies of resistance to several fungicides were also detected in
Botrytis
from both imported and domestically produced strawberry transplants. Fungicide resistance frequencies were not different among fields grouped by level of grey mould problem assessed by growers, indicating factors other than fungicide resistance contributed to control failure, a fact that has important implications for future management of grey mould.
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Thomas Veloukas, Anastasios N. Markoglou, George S. Karaoglanidis
- Published
- Mar 31, 2022
- Vol/Issue
- 71(6)
- Pages
- 1392-1403
- License
- View
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