Discrimination of tectonic influence from volcano‐sedimentary successions: An example from the Janggi Basin, south‐eastern part of the Korean Peninsula

Yong Sik Gihm; Min‐Cheol Kim; Yong‐Un Chae; In Gul Hwang; Moon Son

doi:10.1111/sed.12999

journal article May 16, 2022

Discrimination of tectonic influence from volcano‐sedimentary successions: An example from the Janggi Basin, south‐eastern part of the Korean Peninsula

Yong Sik Gihm

Min‐Cheol Kim Yong‐Un Chae In Gul Hwang Moon Son

Sedimentology Vol. 69 No. 6 pp. 2535-2563 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/sed.12999

Abstract

AbstractIn extensional and transtensional basins, the dual action of basin‐forming tectonism and explosive volcanic activity results in deposition of complex volcano‐sedimentary successions. Since both aspects contemporaneously affect sediment‐dispersal systems, it is difficult to distinguish one from the other by analyzing volcano‐sedimentary successions. To discriminate tectonic influence, basin fills of the Miocene, pull‐apart Janggi Basin were investigated. Here, the contemporaneous influence of tectonic subsidence and explosive volcanism formed <966 m thick, conformable volcano‐sedimentary successions composed of laterally extensive, pumice‐bearing, unwelded pyroclastic deposits and nonmarine sedimentary rocks formed under humid climatic conditions. Based on Laser Ablation – Multiple Collector – Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry zircon U–Pb age data, these successions were deposited from 21.1 ± 0.2 to 20.1 ± 0.1 Ma. After deposition of basinwide, tens of metres thick, and unwelded pyroclastic deposits, the directly overlying facies successions (FS‐1 and FS‐2) show contrasting depositional features to the classical model of volcaniclastic sedimentation. Facies succession‐1 is represented by fluvial conglomerates composed mostly of (sub)rounded pebble and cobble sourced from basement. The supply of basement‐derived clasts through fluvial systems resulted from development of physiographic relief during or soon after the eruption by syndepositional tectonic subsidence. Facies succession‐2 occurs directly on pyroclastic deposits that cover FS‐1 and show coarsening‐upward trends, and is composed of basal lacustrine mudstones and overlying resedimented volcaniclastic sandstones showing a progradational geometry, interpreted as a result of progressive filling of the lake by remobilized volcaniclastic sediments. Occurrence of basal lacustrine laminated mudstones indicates that syndepositional creation of the accommodation by tectonic subsidence exceeded forceful input of pyroclastic and remobilized volcaniclastic sediments, resulting in a delayed sedimentary response to explosive volcanic eruptions. This study shows that, despite voluminous production of volcaniclastic sediments, tectonic activity controlled sediment type and stacking patterns. Therefore, these depositional features allow to discriminate tectonic effects from complex volcano‐sedimentary successions, enabling to reconstruct basin evolution.

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Details

Published: May 16, 2022
Vol/Issue: 69(6)
Pages: 2535-2563
License: View

Authors

Y

Yong Sik Gihm

Department of Geology Kyungpook National University Daegu 41556 Korea

M

Min‐Cheol Kim

Department of Geological Sciences Pusan National University Busan 46241 Korea

Y

Yong‐Un Chae

Department of Geological Sciences Pusan National University Busan 46241 Korea

I

In Gul Hwang

Marine Geology and Energy Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Daejeon 34132 Korea

M

Moon Son

Department of Geological Sciences Pusan National University Busan 46241 Korea

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea Award: 2020R1F1A1070752

Cite This Article

Yong Sik Gihm, Min‐Cheol Kim, Yong‐Un Chae, et al. (2022). Discrimination of tectonic influence from volcano‐sedimentary successions: An example from the Janggi Basin, south‐eastern part of the Korean Peninsula. Sedimentology, 69(6), 2535-2563. https://doi.org/10.1111/sed.12999

Discrimination of tectonic influence from volcano‐sedimentary successions: An example from the Janggi Basin, south‐eastern part of the Korean Peninsula

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