A Survey of Fake News

Xinyi Zhou; Reza Zafarani

doi:10.1145/3395046

journal article Sep 28, 2020

A Survey of Fake News

Xinyi Zhou

Reza Zafarani

ACM Computing Surveys Vol. 53 No. 5 pp. 1-40 · Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

View at Publisher Save 10.1145/3395046

Abstract

The explosive growth in fake news and its erosion to democracy, justice, and public trust has increased the demand for fake news detection and intervention. This survey reviews and evaluates methods that can detect fake news from four perspectives: the false
knowledge
it carries, its writing
style
, its
propagation
patterns, and the credibility of its
source
. The survey also highlights some potential research tasks based on the review. In particular, we identify and detail related fundamental theories across various disciplines to encourage interdisciplinary research on fake news. It is our hope that this survey can facilitate collaborative efforts among experts in computer and information sciences, social sciences, political science, and journalism to research fake news, where such efforts can lead to fake news detection that is not only efficient but, more importantly, explainable.

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