Biomechanics of the lung parenchyma: critical roles of collagen and mechanical forces

Bela Suki; Satoru Ito; Dimitrije Stamenović; Kenneth R. Lutchen; Edward P. Ingenito

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01087.2004

journal article May 01, 2005

Biomechanics of the lung parenchyma: critical roles of collagen and mechanical forces

Bela Suki

Satoru Ito Dimitrije Stamenović Kenneth R. Lutchen Edward P. Ingenito

Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 98 No. 5 pp. 1892-1899 · American Physiological Society

View at Publisher Save 10.1152/japplphysiol.01087.2004

Abstract

The biomechanical properties of connective tissues play fundamental roles in how mechanical interactions of the body with its environment produce physical forces at the cellular level. It is now recognized that mechanical interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) have major regulatory effects on cellular physiology and cell-cycle kinetics that can lead to the reorganization and remodeling of the ECM. The connective tissues are composed of cells and the ECM, which includes water and a variety of biological macromolecules. The macromolecules that are most important in determining the mechanical properties of these tissues are collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans. Among these macromolecules, the most abundant and perhaps most critical for structural integrity is collagen. In this review, we examine how mechanical forces affect the physiological functioning of the lung parenchyma, with special emphasis on the role of collagen. First, we overview the composition of the connective tissue of the lung and their complex structural organization. We then describe how mechanical properties of the parenchyma arise from its composition as well as from the architectural organization of the connective tissue. We argue that, because collagen is the most important load-bearing component of the parenchymal connective tissue, it is also critical in determining the homeostasis and cellular responses to injury. Finally, we overview the interactions between the parenchymal collagen network and cellular remodeling and speculate how mechanotransduction might contribute to disease propagation and the development of small- and large-scale heterogeneities with implications to impaired lung function in emphysema.

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Details

Published: May 01, 2005
Vol/Issue: 98(5)
Pages: 1892-1899

Authors

B

Bela Suki

Respiratory and Physiological Systems Identification Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, and

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215; and

K

Kenneth R. Lutchen

Respiratory and Physiological Systems Identification Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, and

E

Edward P. Ingenito

Brigham and Womens Hospital

Cite This Article

Bela Suki, Satoru Ito, Dimitrije Stamenović, et al. (2005). Biomechanics of the lung parenchyma: critical roles of collagen and mechanical forces. Journal of Applied Physiology, 98(5), 1892-1899. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01087.2004

Biomechanics of the lung parenchyma: critical roles of collagen and mechanical forces

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