Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6

Bente K. Pedersen; Mark A. Febbraio

doi:10.1152/physrev.90100.2007

journal article Oct 01, 2008

Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6

Bente K. Pedersen Mark A. Febbraio

Physiological Reviews Vol. 88 No. 4 pp. 1379-1406 · American Physiological Society

View at Publisher Save 10.1152/physrev.90100.2007

Abstract

Skeletal muscle has recently been identified as an endocrine organ. It has, therefore, been suggested that cytokines and other peptides that are produced, expressed, and released by muscle fibers and exert paracrine, autocrine, or endocrine effects should be classified as “myokines.” Recent research demonstrates that skeletal muscles can produce and express cytokines belonging to distinctly different families. However, the first identified and most studied myokine is the gp130 receptor cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-6 was discovered as a myokine because of the observation that it increases up to 100-fold in the circulation during physical exercise. Identification of IL-6 production by skeletal muscle during physical activity generated renewed interest in the metabolic role of IL-6 because it created a paradox. On one hand, IL-6 is markedly produced and released in the postexercise period when insulin action is enhanced but, on the other hand, IL-6 has been associated with obesity and reduced insulin action. This review focuses on the myokine IL-6, its regulation by exercise, its signaling pathways in skeletal muscle, and its role in metabolism in both health and disease.

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Details

Published: Oct 01, 2008
Vol/Issue: 88(4)
Pages: 1379-1406

Authors

B

Bente K. Pedersen

1Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism (CIM) and Centre for Physical Activity Research (CFAS), Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

M

Mark A. Febbraio

Cite This Article

Bente K. Pedersen, Mark A. Febbraio (2008). Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6. Physiological Reviews, 88(4), 1379-1406. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.90100.2007

Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6

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