Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Kornela Hałucha; Alina Rak-Pasikowska; Iwona Bil-Lula

doi:10.1155/2021/5545416

journal article Open Access May 24, 2021

Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Kornela Hałucha

Alina Rak-Pasikowska

Iwona Bil-Lula

Cardiology Research and Practice Vol. 2021 pp. 1-14 · Wiley

View at Publisher Save 10.1155/2021/5545416

Abstract

Thrombotic occlusion of the coronary artery is a key component in the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction (MI). The standard therapy for ischemia is revascularization and restoration of blood flow to previously ischemic myocardium. Paradoxically, reperfusion may result in further tissue damage called ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). Platelets play a major role in the pathogenesis of MI and IRI, since they contribute to the thrombus and microthrombi formation, inflammation, release of immunomodulatory mediators, and vasoconstrictive molecules. Antiplatelet therapies have proven efficacy in the prevention of thrombosis and play a protective role in cardiac IRI. Beyond the deterioration effect of platelets in MI and IRI, in the 90s the first reports on a protective effect of molecules released from platelets during MI appeared. However, the role of platelets in cardioprotection is still poorly understood. This review describes the involvement of platelets in MI, IRI, and inflammation. It mainly focuses on the protective role of platelets in MI and IRI. Platelets are involved in cardioprotection based on platelet-releasing molecules and antiplatelet therapy, apart from antiaggregatory effects. Additionally, the use of platelet-derived microparticles as possible markers of MI, with and without comorbidities, and their role in cardioprotection are discussed. This review is aimed at illustrating the present knowledge on the role of platelets in MI and IRI, especially in a context of cardioprotection.

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Details

Published: May 24, 2021
Vol/Issue: 2021
Pages: 1-14
License: View

Authors

K

Kornela Hałucha

Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland; Lower Silesian Oncology Center, Hirszfelda 12, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland

A

Alina Rak-Pasikowska

Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland

I

Iwona Bil-Lula

Division of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland

Funding

Wroclaw Medical University Award: SUB.D011.21.092

Cite This Article

Kornela Hałucha, Alina Rak-Pasikowska, Iwona Bil-Lula (2021). Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Cardiology Research and Practice, 2021, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5545416

Protective Role of Platelets in Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

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