DNA Damage Does Not Cause BrdU Labeling of Mouse or Human β-Cells

Rohit B. Sharma; Christine Darko; Xiaoying Zheng; Brian Gablaski; Laura C. Alonso

doi:10.2337/db18-0761

journal article Mar 04, 2019

DNA Damage Does Not Cause BrdU Labeling of Mouse or Human β-Cells

Rohit B. Sharma Christine Darko Xiaoying Zheng

Brian Gablaski Laura C. Alonso

Diabetes Vol. 68 No. 5 pp. 975-987 · American Diabetes Association

View at Publisher Save 10.2337/db18-0761

Abstract

Pancreatic β-cell regeneration, the therapeutic expansion of β-cell number to reverse diabetes, is an important goal. Replication of differentiated insulin-producing cells is the major source of new β-cells in adult mice and juvenile humans. Nucleoside analogs such as BrdU, which are incorporated into DNA during S-phase, have been widely used to quantify β-cell proliferation. However, reports of β-cell nuclei labeling with both BrdU and γ-phosphorylated H2A histone family member X (γH2AX), a DNA damage marker, have raised questions about the fidelity of BrdU to label S-phase, especially during conditions when DNA damage is present. We performed experiments to clarify the causes of BrdU-γH2AX double labeling in mouse and human β-cells. BrdU-γH2AX colabeling is neither an age-related phenomenon nor limited to human β-cells. DNA damage suppressed BrdU labeling and BrdU-γH2AX colabeling. In dispersed islet cells, but not in intact islets or in vivo, pro-proliferative conditions promoted both BrdU and γH2AX labeling, which could indicate DNA damage, DNA replication stress, or cell cycle–related intrinsic H2AX phosphorylation. Strategies to increase β-cell number must not only tackle the difficult challenge of enticing a quiescent cell to enter the cell cycle, but also achieve safe completion of the cell division process.

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Details

Published: Mar 04, 2019
Vol/Issue: 68(5)
Pages: 975-987
License: View

Authors

R

Rohit B. Sharma