Unlocking Superior MFH Performance Below Hergt’s Biological Safety Limit: SPION-Based Magnetic Nanoplatforms Deliver High Heating Efficiency at Low AMF

Atul Sudame; Dipak Maity

doi:10.3390/bioengineering12070715

journal article Open Access Jun 30, 2025

Unlocking Superior MFH Performance Below Hergt’s Biological Safety Limit: SPION-Based Magnetic Nanoplatforms Deliver High Heating Efficiency at Low AMF

Atul Sudame Dipak Maity

Bioengineering Vol. 12 No. 7 pp. 715 · MDPI AG

View at Publisher Save 10.3390/bioengineering12070715

Abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have gained significant attention for Magnetic Fluid Hyperthermia (MFH)-based cancer therapy. However, achieving high heating efficiency under a biologically safe Alternating Magnetic Field (AMF) remains a challenge. This study investigates the synthesis and optimization of SPIONs encapsulated in TPGS-stabilized PLGA nanoparticles (TPS-NPs) using a modified single emulsion solvent evaporation (M-SESE) method. The aim was to achieve efficient magnetic heating under biologically safe AMF conditions while maintaining biocompatibility and colloidal stability, making these magnetic nanoplatforms suitable for MFH-based cancer treatment. TPS-NPs were characterized using various techniques, including Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometry, to evaluate their hydrodynamic size (Dh), zeta potential (ζ), encapsulation efficiency, and superparamagnetic properties. Calorimetric MFH studies demonstrated superior heating efficiency, with Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and Intrinsic Loss Power (ILP) values optimized at an AMF of 4.1 GAm−1s−1, remaining within Hergt’s biological safety limit (~5 GAm−1s−1). These findings suggest that SPION-encapsulated TPS-NPs exhibit enhanced heat induction, making them promising candidates for MFH-based cancer therapy. The study highlights their potential as multifunctional nanoplatforms for magnetic hyperthermia therapy, paving the way for clinical translation in oncology for advanced cancer treatment.

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Details

Published: Jun 30, 2025
Vol/Issue: 12(7)
Pages: 715
License: View

Authors

A

Atul Sudame

Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida 201314, India

D

Dipak Maity

Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA

Funding

the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India, under the Nanomission program Award: No. SR/NM/NS-1141/2015 (G)

Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (Shiv Nadar University), Uttar Pradesh, India Award: No. SR/NM/NS-1141/2015 (G)

Cite This Article

Atul Sudame, Dipak Maity (2025). Unlocking Superior MFH Performance Below Hergt’s Biological Safety Limit: SPION-Based Magnetic Nanoplatforms Deliver High Heating Efficiency at Low AMF. Bioengineering, 12(7), 715. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12070715

Unlocking Superior MFH Performance Below Hergt’s Biological Safety Limit: SPION-Based Magnetic Nanoplatforms Deliver High Heating Efficiency at Low AMF

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