journal article Open Access Jun 26, 2019

Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources: The Role of Energy Storage in the European Power System of 2040

Electronics Vol. 8 No. 7 pp. 729 · MDPI AG
View at Publisher Save 10.3390/electronics8070729
Abstract
Global electricity demand is constantly growing, making the utilization of solar and wind energy sources, which also reduces negative environmental effects, more and more important. These variable energy sources have an increasing role in the global energy mix, including generating capacity. Therefore, the need for energy storage in electricity networks is becoming increasingly important. This paper presents the challenges of European variable renewable energy integration in terms of the power capacity and energy capacity of stationary storage technologies. In this research, the sustainable transition, distributed generation, and global climate action scenarios of the European Network of Transmission System Operators for 2040 were examined. The article introduces and explains the feasibility of the European variable renewable energy electricity generation targets and the theoretical maximum related to the 2040 scenarios. It also explains the determination of the storage fractions and power capacity in a new context. The aim is to clarify whether it is possible to achieve the European variable renewable energy integration targets considering the technology-specific storage aspects. According to the results, energy storage market developments and regulations which motivate the increased use of stationary energy storage systems are of great importance for a successful European solar and wind energy integration. The paper also proves that not only the energy capacity but also the power capacity of storage systems is a key factor for the effective integration of variable renewable energy sources.
Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References
80
[1]
Zafar "Prosumer based energy management and sharing in smart grid" Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. (2018) 10.1016/j.rser.2017.07.018
[2]
Zame "Smart grid and energy storage: Policy recommendations" Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. (2018) 10.1016/j.rser.2017.07.011
[3]
Kordmahaleh "Design of a 25 MWe Solar Thermal Power Plant in Iran with Using Parabolic Trough Collectors and a Two-Tank Molten Salt Storage System" Int. J. Photoenergy (2017) 10.1155/2017/4210184
[4]
Noman "Simulation and Practical Implementation of ANFIS-Based MPPT Method for PV Applications Using Isolated Ćuk Converter" Int. J. Photoenergy (2017) 10.1155/2017/3106734
[5]
Daliento "Monitoring, Diagnosis, and Power Forecasting for Photovoltaic Fields: A Review" Int. J. Photoenergy (2017) 10.1155/2017/1356851
[6]
Cucchiella "A Multicriteria Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems: Energetic, Environmental, and Economic Assessments" Int. J. Photoenergy (2015) 10.1155/2015/627454
[7]
Miliacca "Economic Feasibility for Recycling of Waste Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules" Int. J. Photoenergy (2017)
[8]
Fathima, A.H., and Palanisamy, K. (2016). Energy Storage Systems for Energy Management of Renewables in Distributed Generation Systems. Energy Management of Distributed Generation Systems, InTech. 10.5772/62766
[9]
Sandia National Laboratories (2019, March 02). DOE Global Energy Storage Database, Available online: https://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects/data_visualization.
[10]
International Renewable Energy Agency (2017). Electricity Storage and Renewables: Costs and Markets to 2030, International Renewable Energy Agency.
[11]
Assessment of the European potential for pumped hydropower energy storage based on two existing reservoirs

Marcos Gimeno-Gutiérrez, Roberto Lacal-Arántegui

Renewable Energy 2015 10.1016/j.renene.2014.10.068
[12]
The Conversation Trust (UK) Limited (2018, September 26). As Nuclear Power Plants Close, States Need to Bet Big on Energy Storage, Available online: https://theconversation.com/as-nuclear-power-plants-close-states-need-to-bet-big-on-energy-storage-62032.
[13]
Schill "Residual load, renewable surplus generation and storage requirements in Germany" Energy Policy (2014) 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.05.032
[14]
Luo, X., Wang, J., Dooner, M., and Clarke, J. (2015). Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation. Appl. Energy. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.09.081
[15]
Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE (2017). Annual Report 2016/2017, Fraunhofer institute for solar energy systems ISE.
[16]
Zsiborács, H., Pályi, B., Pintér, G., Popp, J., Balogh, P., Gabnai, Z., Pető, K., Farkas, I., Baranyai, N.H., and Bai, A. (2016). Technical-economic study of cooled crystalline solar modules. Sol. Energy, 140. 10.1016/j.solener.2016.11.009
[17]
(2018). Renewables 2018 Global Status Report—REN21, REN21.
[18]
Hirbodi "Solar Energy Potential and Performance Assessment of CSP Plants in Different Areas of Iran" Energy Procedia (2015) 10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.216
[19]
Statista, I. (2018, September 12). Cumulative Solar Photovoltaic Capacity Globally as of 2017, by Select Country (in Gigawatts). Available online: https://www.statista.com/statistics/264629/existing-solar-pv-capacity-worldwide/.
[20]
European Commission (2017). Energy Storage—The Role of Electricity.
[21]
Becker "Transmission needs across a fully renewable European power system" Renew. Energy (2014) 10.1016/j.renene.2013.10.005
[22]
Bertsch "Flexibility in Europe’s power sector—An additional requirement or an automatic complement?" Energy Econ. (2016) 10.1016/j.eneco.2014.10.022
[23]
Cho "Energy’s tricky tradeoffs" Science (2010) 10.1126/science.329.5993.786
[24]
Jacobson "Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part I: Technologies, energy resources, quantities and areas of infrastructure, and materials" Energy Policy (2011) 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.11.040
[25]
Delucchi "Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part II: Reliability, system and transmission costs, and policies" Energy Policy (2011) 10.1016/j.enpol.2010.11.045
[26]
Czisch, G. (2005). Szenarien zur Zukünftigen Stromversorgung, Kostenoptimierte Variationen zur Versorgung Europas und Seiner Nachbarn mit Strom aus Erneuerbaren Energien. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universitat Kassel].
[27]
ENTSO-E (2019, April 12). TYNDP 2018—Scenario Report. Available online: https://tyndp.entsoe.eu/tyndp2018/scenario-report/.
[28]
Czisch, G., and Giebel, G. (2007). Realisable Scenarios for a Future Electricity Supply Based 100% on Renewable Energies in: Energy Solutions for Sustainable Development : Proceedings of the Risø International Energy Conference 2007
[29]
[...took place 22-24 May 2007], Risø National Laboratory.
[30]
Kempton "Electric power from offshore wind via synoptic-scale interconnection" Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2010) 10.1073/pnas.0909075107
[31]
Schaber "Transmission grid extensions for the integration of variable renewable energies in Europe: Who benefits where?" Energy Policy (2012) 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.040
[32]
Schaber "Parametric study of variable renewable energy integration in Europe: Advantages and costs of transmission grid extensions" Energy Policy (2012) 10.1016/j.enpol.2011.12.016
[33]
Widen "Correlations Between Large-Scale Solar and Wind Power in a Future Scenario for Sweden" IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy (2011) 10.1109/tste.2010.2101620
[34]
Aboumahboub "Optimal Configuration of a Renewable-based Electricity Supply Sector" WSEAS Trans. POWER Syst. (2010)
[35]
Yao "A method of formulating energy load profile for domestic buildings in the UK" Energy Build. (2005) 10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.09.007
[36]
Heide "Seasonal optimal mix of wind and solar power in a future, highly renewable Europe" Renew. Energy (2010) 10.1016/j.renene.2010.03.012
[37]
Heide "Reduced storage and balancing needs in a fully renewable European power system with excess wind and solar power generation" Renew. Energy (2011) 10.1016/j.renene.2011.02.009
[38]
Rasmussen "Storage and balancing synergies in a fully or highly renewable pan-European power system" Energy Policy (2012) 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.09.009
[39]
Hedegaard "Wind power impacts and electricity storage—A time scale perspective" Renew. Energy (2012) 10.1016/j.renene.2011.06.034
[40]
Energy storage for electricity generation and related processes: Technologies appraisal and grid scale applications

Maria C. Argyrou, Paul Christodoulides, Soteris A. Kalogirou

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2018 10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.044
[41]
PANNON Pro Innovations Ltd. (2018, February 02). Practical Experiences of PV and Storage Systems. Available online: https://klimainnovacio.hu/en/pannon-pro-innovations.
[42]
Entso-E (2019, April 11). Statistics and Data—Electricity in Europe. Available online: https://www.entsoe.eu/publications/statistics-and-data/.
[43]
Union of the Electricity Industry–EURELECTRIC (2011). Hydro in Europe: Powering Renewables Full Report, EURELECTRIC.
[44]
Mantzos, L., Matei, N.A., Mulholland, E., Rózsai, M., Tamba, M., and Wiesenthal, T. (2019, March 11). Joint Research Centre Data Catalogue, JRC-IDEES 2015. Available online: http://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset/jrc-10110-10001.
[45]
International Hydropower Association (2018, December 19). Pumped Storage Tracking Tool. Available online: https://www.hydropower.org/hydropower-pumped-storage-tool.
[46]
International Hydropower Association (2018). Hydropower Status Report, 2018, International Hydropower Association.
[47]
European Academies Science Advisory Council (2017). ea sac Science Advice for the Benefit of Europe Valuing Dedicated Storage in Electricity Grids, European Academies Science Advisory Council.
[48]
Blanco "A review at the role of storage in energy systems with a focus on Power to Gas and long-term storage" Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. (2018) 10.1016/j.rser.2017.07.062
[49]
ENTSO-E (2019, April 12). Europe Power System 2040: Completing the Map & Assessing the Cost of Non-Grid. Available online: https://tyndp.entsoe.eu/tyndp2018/power-system-2040/.
[50]
How much electrical energy storage do we need? A synthesis for the U.S., Europe, and Germany

Felix Cebulla, Jannik Haas, Josh Eichman et al.

Journal of Cleaner Production 2018 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.144

Showing 50 of 80 references

Cited By
177
Energy Prices Impact on Inflationary Spiral

Ondřej Bednář, Andrea Čečrdlová · 2022

Energies
Related

You May Also Like

Machine Learning Interpretability: A Survey on Methods and Metrics

Diogo V. Carvalho, Eduardo M. Pereira · 2019

1,384 citations

The k-means Algorithm: A Comprehensive Survey and Performance Evaluation

Mohiuddin Ahmed, Raihan Seraj · 2020

1,342 citations

Sentiment Analysis Based on Deep Learning: A Comparative Study

Nhan Cach Dang, María N. Moreno-García · 2020

550 citations