Progress towards Sustainable Control of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca in Olive Groves of Salento (Apulia, Italy)

Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca is the causal agent of “olive quick decline syndrome” in Salento (Apulia, Italy). On April 2015, we started interdisciplinary studies to provide a sustainable control strategy for this pathogen that threatens the multi-millennial olive agroecosystem of Salento. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence quantification showed that a zinc-copper-citric acid biocomplex—Dentamet®—reached the olive xylem tissue either after the spraying of the canopy or injection into the trunk, demonstrating its effective systemicity. The biocomplex showed in vitro bactericidal activity towards all X. fastidiosa subspecies. A mid-term evaluation of the control strategy performed in some olive groves of Salento indicated that this biocomplex significantly reduced both the symptoms and X. f. subsp. pauca cell concentration within the leaves of the local cultivars Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò. The treated trees started again to yield. A 1H-NMR metabolomic approach revealed, upon the treatments, a consistent increase in malic acid and γ-aminobutyrate for Ogliarola salentina and Cellina di Nardò trees, respectively. A novel endotherapy technique allowed injection of Dentamet® at low pressure directly into the vascular system of the tree and is currently under study for the promotion of resprouting in severely attacked trees. There are currently more than 700 ha of olive groves in Salento where this strategy is being applied to control X. f. subsp. pauca. These results collectively demonstrate an efficient, simple, low-cost, and environmentally sustainable strategy to control this pathogen in Salento.

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Published: May 29, 2021
Vol/Issue: 10(6)
Pages: 668
License: View

Authors

M

Marco Scortichini

Research Centre for Olive, Fruit Trees and Citrus Crops, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00134 Roma, Italy

S

Stefania Loreti

Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Roma, Italy

N

Nicoletta Pucci

Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Roma, Italy

V

Valeria Scala

Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Roma, Italy

G

Giuseppe Tatulli

Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Roma, Italy

D

Dimitri Verweire

Invaio Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

M

Michael Oehl

Invaio Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

U

Urs Widmer

Invaio Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

J

Josep Massana Codina

Invaio Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

P

Peter Hertl

Invaio Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

G

Gianluigi Cesari

Agrifound Italia, 50122 Firenze, Italy

M

Monica De Caroli