Disentangling Relationships among the Alpine Species of Luzula Sect. Luzula (Juncaceae) in the Eastern Alps

Špela Pungaršek; Jasna Dolenc Koce; Martina Bačič; Michael H. J. Barfuss; Peter Schönswetter; Božo Frajman

doi:10.3390/plants12040973

journal article Open Access Feb 20, 2023

Disentangling Relationships among the Alpine Species of Luzula Sect. Luzula (Juncaceae) in the Eastern Alps

Špela Pungaršek Jasna Dolenc Koce Martina Bačič Michael H. J. Barfuss

Peter Schönswetter Božo Frajman

Plants Vol. 12 No. 4 pp. 973 · MDPI AG

View at Publisher Save 10.3390/plants12040973

Abstract

Polyploidisation, agmatoploidy and symploidy have driven the diversification of Luzula sect. Luzula. Several morphologically very similar species with different karyotypes have evolved, but their evolutionary origins and relationships are unknown. In this study, we used a combination of relative genome size and karyotype estimations as well amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting to investigate the relationships among predominately (sub)alpine Luzula alpina, L. exspectata, L multiflora and L. sudetica in the Eastern Alps, including also some samples of L. campestris and L. taurica as outgroup. Our study revealed common co-occurrence of two or three different ploidies (di-, tetra- and hexaploids) at the same localities, and thus also common co-occurrence of different species, of which L. sudetica was morphologically, ecologically and genetically most divergent. Whereas agmatoploid L. exspectata likely originated only once from the Balkan L. taurica, and hexaploid L. multiflora once from tetraploid L. multiflora, the AFLP data suggest multiple origins of tetraploid L. multiflora, from which partly agmatoploid individuals of L. alpina likely originated recurrently by partial fragmentation of the chromosomes. In contrast to common recurrent formation of polyploids in flowering plants, populations of agmatoploids resulting by fission of complete chromosome sets appear to have single origins, whereas partial agmatoploids are formed recurrently. Whether this is a general pattern in Luzula sect. Luzula, and whether segregation of ecological niches supports the frequent co-occurrence of closely related cytotypes in mixed populations, remains the subject of ongoing research.

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Details

Published: Feb 20, 2023
Vol/Issue: 12(4)
Pages: 973
License: View

Authors

�

Špela Pungaršek

Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

J

Jasna Dolenc Koce

Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

M

Martina Bačič

Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

M

Michael H. J. Barfuss

Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria

P

Peter Schönswetter

Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

B

Božo Frajman

Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Funding

Slovenian Research Agency Award: P1-0212

Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS) Award: P1-0212

Austrian Academy of Sciences (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Knoll-Stiftung) Award: P1-0212

Cite This Article

Špela Pungaršek, Jasna Dolenc Koce, Martina Bačič, et al. (2023). Disentangling Relationships among the Alpine Species of Luzula Sect. Luzula (Juncaceae) in the Eastern Alps. Plants, 12(4), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040973

Disentangling Relationships among the Alpine Species of Luzula Sect. Luzula (Juncaceae) in the Eastern Alps

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