Role of Microalgae in Global CO2 Sequestration: Physiological Mechanism, Recent Development, Challenges, and Future Prospective

Ravindra Prasad; Shiwam K. Gupta; Nisha Shabnam; Carlos Yure B. Oliveira; Arvind Kumar Nema; Faiz Ahmad Ansari; Faizal Bux

doi:10.3390/su132313061

journal article Open Access Nov 25, 2021

Role of Microalgae in Global CO2 Sequestration: Physiological Mechanism, Recent Development, Challenges, and Future Prospective

Ravindra Prasad Shiwam K. Gupta

Nisha Shabnam Carlos Yure B. Oliveira

Arvind Kumar Nema Faiz Ahmad Ansari

Faizal Bux

Sustainability Vol. 13 No. 23 pp. 13061 · MDPI AG

View at Publisher Save 10.3390/su132313061

Abstract

The rising concentration of global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has severely affected our planet’s homeostasis. Efforts are being made worldwide to curb carbon dioxide emissions, but there is still no strategy or technology available to date that is widely accepted. Two basic strategies are employed for reducing CO2 emissions, viz. (i) a decrease in fossil fuel use, and increased use of renewable energy sources; and (ii) carbon sequestration by various biological, chemical, or physical methods. This review has explored microalgae’s role in carbon sequestration, the physiological apparatus, with special emphasis on the carbon concentration mechanism (CCM). A CCM is a specialized mechanism of microalgae. In this process, a sub-cellular organelle known as pyrenoid, containing a high concentration of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco), helps in the fixation of CO2. One type of carbon concentration mechanism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and the association of pyrenoid tubules with thylakoids membrane is represented through a typical graphical model. Various environmental factors influencing carbon sequestration in microalgae and associated techno-economic challenges are analyzed critically.

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References

Details

Published: Nov 25, 2021
Vol/Issue: 13(23)
Pages: 13061
License: View

Authors

R

Ravindra Prasad

Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India

S

Shiwam K. Gupta

Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India

N

Nisha Shabnam

Department of Biophysics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic

C

Carlos Yure B. Oliveira

Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife 52171-900, Brazil

A

Arvind Kumar Nema

Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi 110016, India

F

Faiz Ahmad Ansari

Institute for Water and Wastewater Technologies, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa

F

Faizal Bux

Institute for Water and Wastewater Technologies, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa

Funding

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India Award: 09/086(1365)/2019/EMR-I

Cite This Article

Ravindra Prasad, Shiwam K. Gupta, Nisha Shabnam, et al. (2021). Role of Microalgae in Global CO2 Sequestration: Physiological Mechanism, Recent Development, Challenges, and Future Prospective. Sustainability, 13(23), 13061. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313061

Role of Microalgae in Global CO2 Sequestration: Physiological Mechanism, Recent Development, Challenges, and Future Prospective

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