Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

Jan Vymazal

doi:10.3390/w2030530

journal article Open Access Aug 27, 2010

Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

Jan Vymazal

Water Vol. 2 No. 3 pp. 530-549 · MDPI AG

View at Publisher Save 10.3390/w2030530

Abstract

The first experiments using wetland macrophytes for wastewater treatment were carried out in Germany in the early 1950s. Since then, the constructed wetlands have evolved into a reliable wastewater treatment technology for various types of wastewater. The classification of constructed wetlands is based on: the vegetation type (emergent, submerged, floating leaved, free-floating); hydrology (free water surface and subsurface flow); and subsurface flow wetlands can be further classified according to the flow direction (vertical or horizontal). In order to achieve better treatment performance, namely for nitrogen, various types of constructed wetlands could be combined into hybrid systems.

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Details

Published: Aug 27, 2010
Vol/Issue: 2(3)
Pages: 530-549
License: View

Authors

J

Jan Vymazal

Department of Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Náměstí Smiřických 1, 281 63 Kostelec nad Černými lesy, Czech Republic

Cite This Article

Jan Vymazal (2010). Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment. Water, 2(3), 530-549. https://doi.org/10.3390/w2030530

Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

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