Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk

Prasun Dhang; Jason Dexter; Mitchell C. Begelman

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ada76e

journal article Open Access Feb 14, 2025

Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk

Prasun Dhang

Jason Dexter

Mitchell C. Begelman

The Astrophysical Journal Vol. 980 No. 2 pp. 203 · American Astronomical Society

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Abstract

Abstract
The presence of a strong, large-scale magnetic field in an accretion flow leads to the extraction of the rotational energy of the black hole (BH) through the Blandford–Znajek (BZ) process, believed to power relativistic jets in various astrophysical sources. We study rotational energy extraction from a BH surrounded by a highly magnetized thin disk by performing a set of 3D global GRMHD simulations. We find that the saturated flux threading the BH has a weaker dependence on BH spin, compared to highly magnetized hot (geometrically thick) accretion flows. Also, we find that only a fraction (10%–70%) of the extracted BZ power is channeled into the jet, depending on the spin parameter. The remaining energy is potentially used to launch winds or contribute to the radiative output of the disk or corona. Our simulations reveal that the presence of a strong magnetic field enhances the radiative efficiency of the disk, making it more luminous than its weakly magnetized counterpart or the standard disk model. We attribute this excess luminosity primarily to the enhanced magnetic dissipation in the intra-ISCO region. Our findings have implications for understanding X-ray corona formation and BH spin measurements, and interpreting BH transient phenomena.

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Details

Published: Feb 14, 2025
Vol/Issue: 980(2)
Pages: 203
License: View

Authors

Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstrasse 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.

M

Mitchell C. Begelman

Cite This Article

Prasun Dhang, Jason Dexter, Mitchell C. Begelman (2025). Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk. The Astrophysical Journal, 980(2), 203. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada76e

Energy Extraction from a Black Hole by a Strongly Magnetized Thin Accretion Disk

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