&lt;i&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/i&gt;-&lt;i&gt;Penicillium&lt;/i&gt; co-culture: An investigation of bioagents for controlling &lt;i&gt;Fusarium proliferatum&lt;/i&gt;-induced basal rot in onion

Mohammed M. M. Abdelrahem; Mohamed E. Abouelela; Nageh F. Abo-Dahab; Abdallah M. A. Hassane

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2024044

journal article Jan 01, 2024

Aspergillus-Penicillium co-culture: An investigation of bioagents for controlling Fusarium proliferatum-induced basal rot in onion

Mohammed M. M. Abdelrahem Mohamed E. Abouelela Nageh F. Abo-Dahab Abdallah M. A. Hassane

AIMS Microbiology Vol. 10 No. 4 pp. 1024-1051 · American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)

View at Publisher Save 10.3934/microbiol.2024044

Abstract

Fungal co-culture is a method that allows the detection of interactions between fungi, enabling the examination of bioactive novel metabolites induction that may not be produced in monocultures. Worldwide, <italic>Fusarium</italic> basal rot is a primary limitation to onion yield, being caused by different <italic>Fusarium</italic> species. Current research directions encourage biological control of plant diseases as a replacement for routine chemical treatments. The current study aimed to investigate the co-culturing technique for mining new sources of bioagents that could be used as fungicides. <italic>Aspergillus ochraceus</italic> AUMC15539 was co-cultured with <italic>Penicillium chrysogenum</italic> AUMC15504, and their ethyl acetate extract was tested in vitro and in a greenhouse against <italic>Fusarium proliferatum</italic> AUMC15541. The results showed that <italic>Aspergillus</italic>-<italic>Penicillium</italic> (AP) co-culture extract significantly inhibited the growth of <italic>F. proliferatum</italic> with an MIC value of 0.78 mg/mL and showed antioxidant efficiency with an IC50 value of 1.31 mg/mL. The brine shrimp toxicity testing showed a LC50 value of 2.77 mg/mL. In addition, the co-culture extract showed the highest phenolic content at 114.71 GAE mg/g, with a 27.82 QE mg/g flavonoid content. Profiling of AP co-culture and its monoculture extracts by HPLC revealed a change in the metabolites profile in AP co-culture. Principal component analysis verified a positive correlation between the obtained HPLC data of <italic>A. ochraceus</italic> (A), <italic>P. chrysogenum</italic> (P), and AP extracts. Greenhouse experiments demonstrated that treating infected onion plants with the AP co-culture extract significantly enhanced all growth parameters. Additionally, the co-culture extract treatment resulted in the highest levels of total pigments (3.46 mg/g), carbohydrates (52.10 mg/g dry weight), proteins (131.44 mg/g), phenolics (41.66 GAE mg/g), and flavonoids (9.43 QE mg/g) compared with other treatments. This indicates a promising potential for fungal co-cultures in discovering new bioagents with antifungal properties and growth-promoting capabilities.

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Details

Published: Jan 01, 2024
Vol/Issue: 10(4)
Pages: 1024-1051

Authors

M

Mohammed M. M. Abdelrahem

Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt

M

Mohamed E. Abouelela

Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt

N

Nageh F. Abo-Dahab

Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt

A

Abdallah M. A. Hassane

Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt

Cite This Article

Mohammed M. M. Abdelrahem, Mohamed E. Abouelela, Nageh F. Abo-Dahab, et al. (2024). Aspergillus-Penicillium co-culture: An investigation of bioagents for controlling Fusarium proliferatum-induced basal rot in onion. AIMS Microbiology, 10(4), 1024-1051. https://doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2024044

<i>Aspergillus</i>-<i>Penicillium</i> co-culture: An investigation of bioagents for controlling <i>Fusarium proliferatum</i>-induced basal rot in onion

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