Expressed Emotions in Families of Patients With Bipolar Disorder

Minakshi Verma; Koustubh R Bagul; Riya Gangwal; Pali Rastogi; Varchasvi Mudgal; Akanksha Singh

doi:10.7759/cureus.82847

journal article Apr 23, 2025

Expressed Emotions in Families of Patients With Bipolar Disorder

Minakshi Verma Koustubh R Bagul Riya Gangwal Pali Rastogi

Varchasvi Mudgal Akanksha Singh

Cureus · Springer Science and Business Media LLC

View at Publisher Save 10.7759/cureus.82847

Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References

26

[1]

Schmitt A, Malchow B, Hasan A, Falkai P. The impact of environmental factors in severe psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci. 2014, 8:19. 10.3389/fnins.2014.00019 10.3389/fnins.2014.00019

[2]

Boland EM, Alloy LB. Sleep disturbance and cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder: toward an integrated examination of disorder maintenance and functional impairment. Clin Psychol Rev. 2013, 33:33-44. 10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.001 10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.001

[3]

Steele A, Maruyama N, Galynker I. Psychiatric symptoms in caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder: a review. J Affect Disord. 2010, 121:10-21. 10.1016/j.jad.2009.04.020 10.1016/j.jad.2009.04.020

[4]

Yadav AK, Parija S, Yadav J. Burden and expressed emotion in BPAD caregivers: a cross-sectional study. J Psychosoc Rehabil Ment Health. 2018, 5:83-8. 10.1007/s40737-018-0112-6 10.1007/s40737-018-0112-6

[5]

Mazumdar M, Mazumdar B, Mazumdar K. Expressed emotions in caregivers of BPAD and OCD. Int J Indian Psychol. 2024, 12:1245-54. 10.25215/1201.117 10.25215/1201.117

[6]

Perlick DA, Rosenheck RA, Clarkin JF, Maciejewski PK, Sirey J, Struening E, Link BG. Impact of family burden and affective response on clinical outcome among patients with bipolar disorder. Psychiatr Serv. 2004, 55:1029-35. 10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1029 10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1029

[7]

Gupta P, Bharti P, Bathla M, Singh AH, Bhusri L. A cross-sectional study to assess the caregiver burden and the quality of life of caregivers of the patients suffering with psychiatric illness. Ind Psychiatry J. 2022, 31:151-7. 10.4103/ipj.ipj_228_20 10.4103/ipj.ipj_228_20

[8]

Dore G, Romans SE. Impact of BPAD on family and partners. J Affect Disord. 2001, 67:147-58. 10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00450-5 10.1016/s0165-0327(01)00450-5

[9]

Leff J, Vaughn C. The Discovery of Expressed Emotion. Academic Press, London; 1985. 10.1017/S0033291700026222 10.1017/s0033291700026222

[10]

Kor PP, Chou KL, Zarit SH, et al.. Effect of a single-session mindfulness-based intervention for reducing stress in family caregivers of people with dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol. 2024, 12:582. 10.1186/s40359-024-02027-7 10.1186/s40359-024-02027-7

[11]

Perlick DA, Rosenheck RA, Miklowitz DJ, et al.. Prevalence and correlates of burden among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder enrolled in the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2007, 9:262-73. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00365.x 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00365.x

[12]

Chadda RK, Singh TB, Ganguly KK. Caregiver burden and coping: a prospective study of relationship between burden and coping in caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007, 42:923-30. 10.1007/s00127-007-0242-8 10.1007/s00127-007-0242-8

[13]

Kavanagh DJ, O’Halloran P, Manicavasagar V, Clark D, Piatkowska O, Tennant C, Rosen A. The Family Attitude Scale: reliability and validity of a new scale for measuring the emotional climate of families. Psych Res. 1997, 70:185-95. 10.1016/s0165-1781(97)00033-4 10.1016/s0165-1781(97)00033-4

[14]

Mirhosseini S, Parsa FI, Gharehbaghi M, Minaei-Moghadam S, Basirinezhad MH, Ebrahimi H. Care burden and associated factors among caregivers of patients with bipolar type I disorder. BMC Prim Care. 2024, 25:321. 10.1186/s12875-024-02583-2 10.1186/s12875-024-02583-2

[15]

Swaroopachary RS, Ivaturi SC, Kalasapati L. Caregiver burden in BPAD. Int J Indian Psychol. 2019, 7:130-6. 10.25215/0701.015 10.25215/0701.015

[16]

Reinares M, Vieta E, Colom F, et al.. What really matters to bipolar patients' caregivers: sources of family burden. J Affect Disord. 2006, 94:157-63. 10.1016/j.jad.2006.04.022 10.1016/j.jad.2006.04.022

[17]

Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ, et al.. The long-term natural history of the weekly symptomatic status of bipolar I disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002, 59:530-7. 10.1001/archpsyc.59.6.530 10.1001/archpsyc.59.6.530

[18]

Chakrabarti S, Gill S. Coping and its correlates among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder: a preliminary study. Bipolar Disord. 2002, 4:50-60. 10.1034/j.1399-5618.2002.01167.x 10.1034/j.1399-5618.2002.01167.x

[19]

Miklowitz DJ, Johnson SL. The psychopathology and treatment of bipolar disorder. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2006, 2:199-235. 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095332 10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.2.022305.095332

[20]

Jagannathan A, Thirthalli J, Hamza A, Nagendra HR, Gangadhar BN. Predictors of family caregiver burden in schizophrenia: study from an in-patient tertiary care hospital in India. Asian J Psychiatr. 2014, 8:94-8. 10.1016/j.ajp.2013.12.018 10.1016/j.ajp.2013.12.018

[21]

Nirmala BP, Vranda MN, Reddy S. Expressed emotion and caregiver burden in patients with schizophrenia. Indian J Psychol Med. 2011, 33:119-22. 10.4103/0253-7176.92052 10.4103/0253-7176.92052

[22]

Miller IW, Keitner GI, Ryan CE, Solomon DA, Cardemil EV, Beevers CG. Treatment matching in the posthospital care of depressed patients. Am J Psychiatry. 2005, 162:2131-8. 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2131 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2131

[23]

Bizzarri JV, Sbrana A, Rucci P, et al.. The spectrum of substance abuse in bipolar disorder: reasons for use, sensation seeking and substance sensitivity. Bipolar Disord. 2007, 9:213-20. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00383.x 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00383.x

[24]

Ettelt S, Grabe HJ, Ruhrmann S, et al.. Harm avoidance in subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder and their families. J Affect Disord. 2008, 107:265-9. 10.1016/j.jad.2007.08.017 10.1016/j.jad.2007.08.017

[25]

Chadda RK, Deb KS. Indian family systems, collectivistic society and psychotherapy. Indian J Psychiatry. 2013, 55:S299-309. 10.4103/0019-5545.105555 10.4103/0019-5545.105555

[26]

Mental health action plan 2013-2020. (2013). https.//www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241506021.

Metrics

0

Citations

26

References

Details

Published: Apr 23, 2025

Authors

Cite This Article

Minakshi Verma, Koustubh R Bagul, Riya Gangwal, et al. (2025). Expressed Emotions in Families of Patients With Bipolar Disorder. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.82847

Expressed Emotions in Families of Patients With Bipolar Disorder

You May Also Like