Bending instability of electrically charged liquid jets of polymer solutions in electrospinning

Darrell H. Reneker; Alexander L. Yarin; Hao Fong; Sureeporn Koombhongse

doi:10.1063/1.373532

journal article May 01, 2000

Bending instability of electrically charged liquid jets of polymer solutions in electrospinning

Darrell H. Reneker Alexander L. Yarin Hao Fong Sureeporn Koombhongse

Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 87 No. 9 pp. 4531-4547 · AIP Publishing

View at Publisher Save 10.1063/1.373532

Abstract

Nanofibers of polymers were electrospun by creating an electrically charged jet of polymer solution at a pendent droplet. After the jet flowed away from the droplet in a nearly straight line, it bent into a complex path and other changes in shape occurred, during which electrical forces stretched and thinned it by very large ratios. After the solvent evaporated, birefringent nanofibers were left. In this article the reasons for the instability are analyzed and explained using a mathematical model. The rheological complexity of the polymer solution is included, which allows consideration of viscoelastic jets. It is shown that the longitudinal stress caused by the external electric field acting on the charge carried by the jet stabilized the straight jet for some distance. Then a lateral perturbation grew in response to the repulsive forces between adjacent elements of charge carried by the jet. The motion of segments of the jet grew rapidly into an electrically driven bending instability. The three-dimensional paths of continuous jets were calculated, both in the nearly straight region where the instability grew slowly and in the region where the bending dominated the path of the jet. The mathematical model provides a reasonable representation of the experimental data, particularly of the jet paths determined from high speed videographic observations.

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References

Details

Published: May 01, 2000
Vol/Issue: 87(9)
Pages: 4531-4547

Authors

D

Darrell H. Reneker

Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909

A

Alexander L. Yarin

Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

H

Hao Fong

Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909

S

Sureeporn Koombhongse

Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3909

Cite This Article

Darrell H. Reneker, Alexander L. Yarin, Hao Fong, et al. (2000). Bending instability of electrically charged liquid jets of polymer solutions in electrospinning. Journal of Applied Physics, 87(9), 4531-4547. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.373532

Bending instability of electrically charged liquid jets of polymer solutions in electrospinning

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