Minority Adolescents in Ethnically Diverse Schools: Perceptions of Equal Treatment Buffer Threat Effects

Gülseli Baysu; Laura Celeste; Rupert Brown; Karine Verschueren; Karen Phalet

doi:10.1111/cdev.12609

journal article Sep 01, 2016

Minority Adolescents in Ethnically Diverse Schools: Perceptions of Equal Treatment Buffer Threat Effects

Gülseli Baysu Laura Celeste Rupert Brown Karine Verschueren

Karen Phalet

Child Development Vol. 87 No. 5 pp. 1352-1366 · Oxford University Press (OUP)

View at Publisher Save 10.1111/cdev.12609

Abstract

Abstract
Can perceptions of equal treatment buffer the negative effects of threat on the school success of minority students? Focusing on minority adolescents from Turkish and Moroccan heritage in Belgium (Mage = 14.5; N = 735 in 47 ethnically diverse schools), multilevel mediated moderation analyses showed: (a) perceived discrimination at school predicted lower test performance; (b) experimentally manipulated stereotype threat decreased performance (mediated by increased disengagement); (c) perceived equal treatment at school predicted higher performance (mediated by decreased disengagement); and (d) personal and peer perceptions of equal treatment buffered negative effects of discrimination and stereotype threat. Thus, (situational) stereotype threat and perceived discrimination at school both undermine minority student success, whereas perceived equal treatment can provide a buffer against such threats.

Topics

No keywords indexed for this article. Browse by subject →

References

53

[1]

Alba "Comparing immigrant integration in North America and Western Europe: How much do the grand narratives tell us?" International Migration Review (2014) 10.1111/imre.12134

[2]

Ambady "Stereotype susceptibility in children: Effects of identity activation on quantitative performance" Psychological Science (2001) 10.1111/1467-9280.00371

[3]

Appel "The influence of stereotype threat on immigrants: A meta-analytic review" Frontiers in Psychology (2015) 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00900

[4]

Baysu "Navigating the school system in Sweden, Belgium, Austria and Germany: School segregation and second generation school trajectories" Ethnicities (2012) 10.1177/1468796812450857

[5]

Baysu "“Dual” identity as a two edged sword: Identity threat and minority school performance" Social Psychology Quarterly (2011) 10.1177/0190272511407619

[6]

Benner "Experiences of discrimination among Chinese-American adolescents and the consequences for socioemotional and academic development" Developmental Psychology (2009) 10.1037/a0016119

[7]

Brondolo "The perceived ethnic discrimination questionnaire: Development and preliminary validation of a community version" Journal of Applied Social Psychology (2005) 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02124.x

[8]

Buhs "Peer exclusion and victimization: Processes that mediate the relation between peer group rejection and children's classroom engagement and achievement" Journal of Educational Psychology (2006) 10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.1

[9]

Cattell (1961)

[10]

Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey—Belgium (2013)

[11]

An Integrative Model for the Study of Developmental Competencies in Minority Children

Cynthia Garcia Coll, Gontran Lamberty, Renee Jenkins et al.

Child Development 1996 10.2307/1131600

[12]

Derks "The beneficial effects of social identity protection on the performance motivation of members of devalued groups" Social Issues and Policy Review (2007) 10.1111/j.1751-2409.2007.00008.x

[13]

Ellemers "Self and social identity" Annual Review of Psychology (2002) 10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135228

[14]

School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence

Jennifer A Fredricks, Phyllis C Blumenfeld, Alison H Paris

Review of Educational Research 2004 10.3102/00346543074001059

[15]

Gregory "The relationship of school structure and support to suspension rates for Black and White high school students" American Educational Research Journal (2011) 10.3102/0002831211398531

[16]

Heath (2014) 10.5871/bacad/9780197265741.001.0001

[17]

Hitti "When is it okay to exclude a member of the ingroup? Children's and adolescents’ social reasoning" Social Development (2014) 10.1111/sode.12047

[18]

Horn "Adolescents’ reasoning about exclusion from social groups" Developmental Psychology (2003) 10.1037/0012-1649.39.1.71

[19]

Keller "Blatant stereotype threat and women's math performance: Self-handicapping as a strategic means to cope with obtrusive negative performance expectations" Sex Roles (2002) 10.1023/a:1021003307511

[20]

Killen "Evaluations of interracial peer encounters by majority and minority U.S. children and adolescents" International Journal of Behavioral Development (2007) 10.1177/0165025407081478

[21]

Killen "Social exclusion in childhood: A developmental intergroup perspective" Child Development (2013) 10.1111/cdev.12012

[22]

Killen (2011) 10.1002/9781444396317

[23]

Development of Intra- and Intergroup Judgments in the Context of Moral and Social-Conventional Norms

Melanie Killen, Adam Rutland, Dominic Abrams et al.

Child Development 2013 10.1111/cdev.12011

[24]

Li "Peer relationships as a context for development of school engagement during early adolescence" International Journal of Behavioral Development (2011) 10.1177/0165025411402578

[25]

Marx "Clearing the air: The effect of experimenter race on target's test performance and subjective experience" British Journal of Social Psychology (2005) 10.1348/014466604x17948

[26]

Mendoza-Denton "Sensitivity to status-based rejection: Implications for African American students’ college experience" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2002) 10.1037/0022-3514.83.4.896

[27]

Monks "Peer-victimization in multi-cultural schools in Spain and England" European Journal of Developmental Psychology (2008) 10.1016/j.pse.2015.02.002

[28]

Muller "When moderation is mediated and mediation is moderated" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2005) 10.1037/0022-3514.89.6.852

[29]

Muthén (1998)

[30]

Nenty "A cross-cultural analysis of the fairness of the Cattell culture fair intelligence test using the Rasch model" Applied Psychological Measurement (1981) 10.1177/014662168100500309

[31]

Phinney "Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: A review of research" Psychological Bulletin (1990) 10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.499

[32]

Purdie-Vaughns "Social identity contingencies: How diversity cues signal threat or safety for African Americans in mainstream institutions" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (2008) 10.1037/0022-3514.94.4.615

[33]

Rubin (2006)

[34]

Mediation Analysis in Social Psychology: Current Practices and New Recommendations

Derek D. Rucker, Kristopher J. Preacher, Zakary L. Tormala et al.

Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2011 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00355.x

[35]

Rutland "A developmental science approach to reducing prejudice and social exclusion: Intergroup processes, social-cognitive development, and moral reasoning" Social Issues and Policy Review (2015) 10.1111/sipr.12012

[36]

Rutland "A new social–cognitive developmental perspective on prejudice: The interplay between morality and group identity" Perspectives on Psychological Science (2010) 10.1177/1745691610369468

[37]

Stereotype Susceptibility: Identity Salience and Shifts in Quantitative Performance

Margaret Shih, Todd L. Pittinsky, Nalini Ambady

Psychological Science 1999 10.1111/1467-9280.00111

[38]

Skinner "A motivational perspective on engagement and disaffection" Educational and Psychological Measurement (2009) 10.1177/0013164408323233

[39]

Steele "A threat in the air: How stereotype shape intellectual identity and performance" American Psychologist (1997) 10.1037/0003-066x.52.6.613

[40]

Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.

Claude M. Steele, Joshua Aronson

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 1995 10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797

[41]

Steele "Contending with group image: The psychology of stereotype and social identity threat" Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (2002) 10.1016/s0065-2601(02)80009-0

[42]

Stone "Battling doubt by avoiding practice: The effect of stereotype threat on self-handicapping in white athletes" Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (2002) 10.1177/014616702237648

[43]

Suarez-Orozco "Migration, minority status, and education: European dilemmas and responses in the 1990s" Anthropology & Education Quarterly (1991) 10.1525/aeq.1991.22.2.04x0743o

[44]

Tajfel (1986)

[45]

Thijs "Peer victimization and academic achievement in a multi-ethnic sample: The role of perceived academic self-efficacy" Journal of Educational Psychology (2008) 10.1037/a0013155

[46]

Tyler "Understanding why the justice of group procedures matters: A test of the psychological dynamics of the group-value model" Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (1996) 10.1037/0022-3514.70.5.913

[47]

Ethnic and Racial Identity During Adolescence and Into Young Adulthood: An Integrated Conceptualization

Adriana J Umaña-Taylor, Stephen M Quintana, Richard M Lee et al.

Child Development 2014 10.1111/cdev.12196

[48]

Verkuyten "The relative importance of ethnicity: Ethnic categorization among older children" International Journal of Psychology (1999) 10.1080/002075999400005

[49]

Verkuyten "Ethnic discrimination and global self-worth in early adolescence" International Journal of Behavioral Development (2006) 10.1177/0165025406063573

[50]

Wentzel (2009)

Showing 50 of 53 references

Cited By

68

The Impact of Islamophobia on Muslim Students: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Nadin Abu Khalaf, Ashley B. Woolweaver · 2022

School Psychology Review

Metrics

68

Citations

53

References

Details

Published: Sep 01, 2016
Vol/Issue: 87(5)
Pages: 1352-1366
License: View

Authors

Kadir Has University

University of Leuven; Sussex University

Sussex University

University of Leuven

University of Leuven

Funding

Research Foundation—Flanders Award: FWO G.0747.13

University of Leuven Research Council Award: IDO 10.005

Cite This Article

Gülseli Baysu, Laura Celeste, Rupert Brown, et al. (2016). Minority Adolescents in Ethnically Diverse Schools: Perceptions of Equal Treatment Buffer Threat Effects. Child Development, 87(5), 1352-1366. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12609

Minority Adolescents in Ethnically Diverse Schools: Perceptions of Equal Treatment Buffer Threat Effects

You May Also Like