The prevalence and socio‐demographic risk factors of clinical eczema in infancy: a population‐based observational study

P. E. Martin; J. J. Koplin; J. K. Eckert; A. J. Lowe; A.‐L. Ponsonby; N. J. Osborne; L. C. Gurrin; M. N. Robinson; D. J. Hill; S. C. Dharmage; K. J. Allen

doi:10.1111/cea.12092

journal article May 28, 2013

The prevalence and socio‐demographic risk factors of clinical eczema in infancy: a population‐based observational study

P. E. Martin J. J. Koplin J. K. Eckert A. J. Lowe A.‐L. Ponsonby N. J. Osborne L. C. Gurrin M. N. Robinson D. J. Hill S. C. Dharmage K. J. Allen

Clinical & Experimental Allergy Vol. 43 No. 6 pp. 642-651 · Wiley

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Abstract

SummaryBackgroundSocio‐demographic predictors for the development of clinically observed, infantile eczema have not been formally examined in a large population‐based study. Few studies of eczema risk factors have included current, objective eczema outcomes as well as parent‐reported history.ObjectivesWe aimed to measure the population prevalence of infantile eczema using novel sampling methodology, and identify socio‐demographic risk factors for eczema in the first year of life.MethodsA population‐based cross‐sectional study of infantile allergy (the HealthNuts study, n = 4972, response rate 74.1%) was conducted from 2008‐2011 in Melbourne, Australia. Infants were examined for current eczema at age 12 months (mean 12.7, SD 0.7). Parents provided information about the infants’ history of eczema and demographic factors. Factors associated with eczema were modelled using multinomial logistic regression.ResultsThe population prevalence of observed eczema at 12 months was 20.3% (95% CI 19.0, 21.5), while cumulative prevalence for parent‐reported eczema was 28.0% (95% CI 26.7, 29.4). The strongest predictors of eczema were maternal eczema and asthma (multinomial (M)‐OR 1.7, P < 0.001, and M‐OR 1.4, P = 0.007), male sex (M‐OR 1.4, P < 0.001), and East Asian ethnicity (M‐OR 1.6, P < 0.001) with over 80% of infants with all risk factors exhibiting eczema. East Asian parents, particularly recent migrants, reported fewer allergies than other parents.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceApproximately, one in three infants developed eczema by 12 months of age. East Asian infants are at increased risk of eczema despite their parents having lower rates of allergy than non‐Asian parents. Gene‐environment interactions may explain the differential effect seen in this minority group.

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Details

Published: May 28, 2013
Vol/Issue: 43(6)
Pages: 642-651
License: View

Authors

P

P. E. Martin

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; The Department of Paediatrics The University of Melbourne

J

J. J. Koplin

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville

J

J. K. Eckert

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville

A

A. J. Lowe

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology The University of Melbourne

A

A.‐L. Ponsonby

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; The Department of Paediatrics The University of Melbourne

N

N. J. Osborne

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; European Centre for Environment and Human Health Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry University of Exeter United Kingdom

L

L. C. Gurrin

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology The University of Melbourne

M

M. N. Robinson

Department of Allergy and Immunology Royal Children's Hospital Parkville

D

D. J. Hill

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville

S

S. C. Dharmage

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic Epidemiology The University of Melbourne

K

K. J. Allen

Murdoch Childrens Research Institute Parkville; The Department of Paediatrics The University of Melbourne; Department of Allergy and Immunology Royal Children's Hospital Parkville

Cite This Article

P. E. Martin, J. J. Koplin, J. K. Eckert, et al. (2013). The prevalence and socio‐demographic risk factors of clinical eczema in infancy: a population‐based observational study. Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 43(6), 642-651. https://doi.org/10.1111/cea.12092

The prevalence and socio‐demographic risk factors of clinical eczema in infancy: a population‐based observational study

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