Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity

Andrew M. Bush; Jonathan L. Payne

doi:10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-035131

journal article Nov 02, 2021

Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity

Andrew M. Bush Jonathan L. Payne

Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics Vol. 52 No. 1 pp. 269-289 · Annual Reviews

View at Publisher Save 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-035131

Abstract

During the past 541 million years, marine animals underwent three intervals of diversification (early Cambrian, Ordovician, Cretaceous–Cenozoic) separated by nondirectional fluctuation, suggesting diversity-dependent dynamics with the equilibrium diversity shifting through time. Changes in factors such as shallow-marine habitat area and climate appear to have modulated the nondirectional fluctuations. Directional increases in diversity are best explained by evolutionary innovations in marine animals and primary producers coupled with stepwise increases in the availability of food and oxygen. Increasing intensity of biotic interactions such as predation and disturbance may have led to positive feedbacks on diversification as ecosystems became more complex. Important areas for further research include improving the geographic coverage and temporal resolution of paleontological data sets, as well as deepening our understanding of Earth system evolution and the physiological and ecological traits that modulated organismal responses to environmental change.

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Details

Published: Nov 02, 2021
Vol/Issue: 52(1)
Pages: 269-289

Authors

A

Andrew M. Bush

Department of Geosciences and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA;

J

Jonathan L. Payne

Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA;

Cite This Article

Andrew M. Bush, Jonathan L. Payne (2021). Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 52(1), 269-289. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-012021-035131

Biotic and Abiotic Controls on the Phanerozoic History of Marine Animal Biodiversity

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